in the sea as poor, for Allah the Exalted said: "As for the ship, it belonged to poor people working at sea" (30). We have explained by what we mentioned previously that the definition of wealth varies, as it applies to that which obligates Zakat and to that which prevents it; thus, the existence of one does not necessitate the existence of the other, nor does the absence of one necessitate the absence of the other. So, whoever says that wealth is sufficiency, equates currency with other things [and permits taking for everyone who lacks sufficiency, even if they possess a nisab from all forms of wealth. And whoever follows the other narration differentiates between currency and other things] (31); due to the report of Ibn Mas'ud, and because currencies are the instrument for expenditure prepared for it, unlike other things. Thus, he permitted taking for anyone who does not possess fifty dirhams, or its value in gold, nor what provides sufficiency through earnings, [or rental income from real estate] (32), or other assets, or the offspring of grazing livestock or otherwise. And if one possesses wealth prepared for expenditure other than currency, it is appropriate that sufficiency be considered by it over a full year; because the obligation of Zakat repeats with the repetition of the year, so he takes from it each year what suffices him until the next. And the existence of sufficiency for him and his family and those he supports is considered; because the intention for each of them is to fulfill their need, so what is considered for the individual is considered for them. And if he possesses fifty dirhams, it is permissible for him to take for his family until each one of them possesses fifty dirhams (33). Ahmad said, in the narration of Abu Dawud, regarding one who gives Zakat and has a family: Each one of his family members is given fifty [dirhams]. This is because the payment is essentially to the family; and he is a deputy on their behalf in receiving it.

Section: If (34) a poor wife has a wealthy husband who spends on her, it is not permissible to give Zakat to her, because sufficiency is achieved for her through what she receives of the mandatory maintenance (35), so she is like...