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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 4 · Page 221

Translation · EN

of fire?" narrated by Abu Dawud. Also, because it is of the same genus as monetary values, it resembles uncoined gold and silver (tibr). Malik said: It is subject to Zakat for one year. Al-Hasan, Abdullah ibn Utba, and Qatadah said: Its Zakat is by lending it out. Ahmad said: Five of the companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: There is no Zakat on jewelry, and they say: Its Zakat is by lending it out. The evidence for the first [position] is what Afiyah ibn Ayyub narrated from al-Layth ibn Sa'd, from Abu al-Zubayr, from Jabir, from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, that he said: "There is no Zakat on jewelry." Furthermore, it is intended for permissible use, so Zakat is not mandatory upon it, just like work animals and garments for personal use. As for the authentic hadiths they used as evidence, they do not address the point of contention, for riqah refers to minted dirhams. Abu Ubayd said: We do not know this term in the intelligible speech of the Arabs to refer to anything other than stamped dirhams that have a currency circulating among the people. Likewise, the term awaq refers to nothing other than dirhams, where every uqiyah is forty dirhams. As for the hadith of the two bracelets, Abu Ubayd said: We only know it from a source that people have discussed, both in ancient and modern times. Al-Tirmidhi said: Nothing in this chapter is authentic. It is possible that by 'Zakat' he meant lending it out, as some scholars have interpreted it, and a group of the Companions and others have adopted this view; moreover, uncoined gold and silver (tibr) is not prepared for use, unlike jewelry. Al-Khiraqi's statement: "if it is of the type she wears or lends out," means that Zakat falls away from it only if it is as such, or prepared for that. As for that which is prepared for leasing or for expenditure when needed, Zakat is due upon it, because Zakat is only waived for what is prepared for [permissible] use due to its removal from the category of growth; thus, in everything else, it remains according to the original ruling. Likewise, what is taken as jewelry to evade Zakat does not have the obligation waived. There is no difference between permissible jewelry being owned by a woman who wears it or lends it out, or a man who adorns his family with it, or lends it out, or prepares it for that, because it is diverted from the category of growth to a permissible use, resembling a woman's jewelry.

Notes

(5) In: 'Bab al-Kanz Ma Huwa? Wa Zakat al-Huli' (Chapter: What is Treasure? And the Zakat on Jewelry), from the Book of Zakat. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/358. It was also recorded by al-Tirmidhi, in: 'Bab Ma Ja'a fi Zakat al-Huli' (Chapter: What has come regarding Zakat on jewelry), from the chapters on Zakat. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 3/131. And al-Nasa'i, in: 'Bab Zakat al-Huli' (Chapter: Zakat on Jewelry), from the Book of Zakat. Al-Mujtaba 5/28. (6) Abdullah ibn Utba ibn Mas'ud al-Hudhali, who lived during the time of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saw him and narrated from him. He was a trustworthy and high-ranking scholar, prolific in hadith and legal opinions (fatwa), a jurist, who died in the year 74 AH. Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 5/311-312. (7) Recorded by al-Daraqutni, in: 'Bab Zakat al-Huli' (Chapter: Zakat on Jewelry), from the Book of Zakat. Sunan al-Daraqutni 2/107. (8) In: Al-Amwal 444. (9) In: Al-Amwal 445. (10) See: Aridat al-Ahwadhi 3/131.

Arabic (Source)

نَارٍ؟ ". رَوَاهُ أبو دَاوُدَ (٥). ولأنَّه من جِنْسِ الأَثْمَانِ، أَشْبَه التِّبْرَ. وقال مَالِكٌ: يُزَكَّى عَامًا وَاحِدًا. وقال الحسنُ، وعبدُ اللهِ بن عُتْبَةَ (٦)، وقَتَادَةُ: زَكَاتُه عَارِيَتُهُ. قال أحمدُ: خَمْسَةٌ من أصْحابِ رسولِ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- يَقُولُونَ: ليس في الحَلْىِ زَكَاةٌ. ويَقُولُونَ: زَكَاتُهُ عَارِيَتُهُ. وَوَجْهُ الأَوَّلِ، ما رَوَى عَافِيَةُ بن أَيُّوبَ، عن اللَّيْثِ بن سَعْدٍ، عن أبي الزُّبَيْرِ، عن جابِرٍ، عن النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، أنَّه قال: "لَيْسَ في الحَلْىِ زَكَاةٌ" (٧). ولأنَّه مُرْصَدٌ لِاسْتِعمالٍ مُبَاحٍ، فلم تَجِبْ فيه الزكاةُ، كالعَوَامِلِ، وثِيَابِ القُنْيَةِ. وأمَّا الأحادِيثُ الصَّحِيحَةُ التى احْتَجُّوا بها، فلا تَتَنَاوَلُ مَحِلَّ النِّزاعِ؛ لأَنَّ الرِّقَةَ هى الدَّرَاهِمُ المَضْرُوبَةُ. قال أبو عُبَيْدٍ (٨): لا نَعْلَمُ هذا الاسْمَ في الكلامِ المَعْقُولِ عندَ العَرَبِ إلَّا على الدَّرَاهِمِ المَنْقُوشَةِ، ذَاتِ السِّكَّةِ السَّائِرَة في النَّاسِ. وكذلك الأَوَاقِيُّ ليس مَعْنَاها إلَّا الدَّرَاهِمَ كلُّ أُوقِيَّةٍ أَرْبَعُونَ دِرْهَمًا. وأما حَدِيثُ الْمَسَكَتَيْنِ، فقال أبو عُبَيْدٍ (٩): لا نَعْلَمُه إلَّا من وَجْهٍ قد تَكَلَّمَ النّاسُ فيه قَدِيمًا وحَدِيثًا. وقال التِّرْمِذِيُّ (١٠): ليس يَصِحُّ في هذا البَابِ شىءٌ. ويَحْتَمِلُ أنَّه أرادَ بالزكاةِ إعارَتَهُ، كما فَسَّرَه به بعضُ العُلَماءِ، وذَهَبَ إليه جَمَاعَةٌ من الصَّحَابَةِ وغيرهم، والتِّبْرُ غيرُ مُعَدٍّ لِلاسْتِعْمَالِ، بخِلافِ الحَلْىِ. وقَوْلُ الخِرَقِيِّ: "إذا كان ممَّا تَلْبَسُهُ أو تُعِيرُهُ". يَعْنِى أنَّه إنَّما تَسْقُطُ عنه الزكاةُ إذا كان كذلك، أو مُعَدًّا له، فأمَّا المُعَدُّ للكِرَا أو النَّفَقَةِ إذا احْتِيجَ إليه، ففيه

Notes

(٥) في: باب الكنز ما هو؟ وزكاة الحلى، من كتاب الزكاة. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٣٥٨.كما أخرجه الترمذى، في: باب ما جاء في زكاة الحلى، من أبواب الزكاة. عارضة الأحوذى ٣/ ١٣١. والنسائي، في: باب زكاة الحلى، من كتاب الزكاة. المجتبى ٥/ ٢٨.(٦) عبد اللَّه بن عتبة بن مسعود الهذلى، أدرك النبى -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- ورآه وروى عنه، وكان ثقة رفيعا، كثير الحديث والفتيا، فقيها، توفى سنة أربع وسبعين. تهذيب التهذيب ٥/ ٣١١، ٣١٢.(٧) أخرجه الدارقطنى، في: باب زكاة الحلى، من كتاب الزكاة. سنن الدارقطنى ٢/ ١٠٧.(٨) في: الأموال ٤٤٤.(٩) في: الأموال ٤٤٥.(١٠) انظر: عارضة الأحوذى ٣/ ١٣١.

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