Section: Everything whose possession is forbidden is subject to Zakat if it reaches the nisaab (minimum threshold), or reaches (13) the nisaab when combined with what one already possesses, according to what we have mentioned.
453- Issue: He said: (Whatever is from rikāz, which is the buried treasure of the Age of Ignorance [Jahiliyyah], whether little or much, is subject to a fifth for the people of charity, and the remainder belongs to him (1)).
Al-difn (the buried), with a kasrah on the dāl: that which is buried. Al-rikāz: that which is buried in the earth. Its derivation is from rakaza, yarkuzu, similar to gharaza, yaghrizu (2): meaning to conceal (3). It is said: "He planted (rakaza) the spear," meaning he stuck its base (4) into the ground. From this is the word rikz, which is a faint sound. God the Almighty said: "Or do you hear a sound (rikzan) from them?" (5). The basis for the charity on rikāz is what Abu Hurayrah narrated from the Messenger of God (may God bless him and grant him peace) that he said: "The injury caused by an animal is blood-money (6), and in rikāz is the fifth." Agreed upon (7).
(13) In the original: "yablugh" (it reaches). (1) In [M]: "lahu" (to him). (2) This is how it is vocalized, and its middle radical is also dammah in the present tense. (3) In [M]: "khafī" (hidden). (4) In the original: "aslahu" (its origin). (5) Surah Maryam 98. (6) Jubār: meaning "wasted" or "uncompensated". The meaning of the hadith is that if a dumb animal escapes and causes injury to a person or something during its escape, then its injury is uncompensated. (7) Recorded by al-Bukhari in: The Chapter of One who digs a well in his own property does not guarantee, from the Book of Leasing (al-Musaqah), and in: The Chapter on the Fifth in Rikaz, from the Book of Zakat, and in: The Chapter on the Mineral is Jubar and the Well is Jubar, and The Chapter of the Animal is Jubar, from the Book of Blood-Money (al-Diyat). Sahih al-Bukhari 3/145, 2/160, 9/15, 16. And Muslim in: The Chapter of the Injury of the Animal, the Mineral, and the Well is Jubar, from the Book of Prescribed Punishments (al-Hudud). Sahih Muslim 3/1334, 1335. It was also recorded by Abu Dawud in: The Chapter of What has come regarding Rikaz and what is in it, from the Book of Land Tax (al-Kharaj), War Booty (al-Fay'), and Leadership, and in: The Chapter of the Animal, the Mineral, and the Well is Jubar, from the Book of Blood-Money (al-Diyat). Sunan Abi Dawud 2/161, 502. And al-Tirmidhi in: The Chapter of What has come that the injury of the animal is Jubar..., from the Chapters of Zakat, and in: The Chapter of What has come regarding the Animal, its injury is Jubar, from the Chapters of Legal Judgments. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 3/138, 6/145. And al-Nasa'i in: The Chapter of the Mineral, from the Book of Zakat. Al-Mujtaba 5/33. And Ibn Majah in: The Chapter of One who finds Rikaz, from the Book of Lost Property (al-Luqatah), and in: The Chapter of Jubar, from the Book of Blood-Money (al-Diyat). Sunan Ibn Majah 2/839, 891. And al-Darimi in: The Chapter of Rikaz, from the Book of Zakat, and in the chapter of= The Animal, its injury is Jubar, from the Book of Blood-Money (al-Diyat). Sunan al-Darimi 1/393, 2/196. And Imam Malik in: The Chapter of Zakat on Rikaz, from the Book of Zakat, and in: The Chapter of the Collective Blood-Money, from the Book of Blood-Money. Al-Muwatta 1/249, 2/869. And Imam Ahmad in: Al-Musnad 1/314, 2/228, 239, 254, 274, 285, 319, 382, 386, 406, 411, 415, 454, 456, 467, 475, 482, 493, 495, 499, 501, 507, 3/336, 354, 5/326, 327.
فصل: وكلُّ ما يَحْرُمُ اتِّخَاذُه، ففيه الزكاةُ إذا كان نِصابًا، أو بَلَغَ (١٣) بِضَمِّه إلى ما عنده نِصَابًا، على ما ذَكَرْنَاهُ.
٤٥٣ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الرِّكَازِ، وَهُوَ دِفْنُ الجَاهِلِيَّةِ، قَلَّ أو كَثُرَ، فَفِيهِ الخُمْسُ لِأَهْلِ الصَّدَقَاتِ، وبَاقِيهِ فَلَهُ (١))
الدِّفْنُ.، بِكَسْرِ الدَّالِ: المَدفُونُ. والرِّكَازُ: المَدْفُونُ فى الأرْضِ. واشْتِقَاقُه من رَكَزَ يَرْكِزُ. مِثْلُ غَرَزَ يَغْرِزُ (٢): إذا أخْفَى (٣). يقال: رَكَزَ الرُّمْحَ، إذا غَرَزَ أسْفَلَه (٤) فى الأرْضِ. ومنه الرِّكْزُ، وهو الصَّوْتُ الخَفِىُّ، قال اللهُ تعالى: {أَوْ تَسْمَعُ لَهُمْ رِكْزًا} (٥). والأصْلُ فى صَدَقَةِ الركازِ، ما رَوَى أبو هُرَيْرَةَ، عن رسولِ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أنَّه قال: "الْعَجْمَاءُ جُبَارٌ (٦)، وفى الرِّكَازِ الخُمْسُ". مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٧).
(١٣) فى الأصل: "يبلغ".(١) فى م: "له".(٢) كذا ضبطه، وتضم عينه فى المضارع أيضا.(٣) فى م: "خفى".(٤) فى الأصل: "أصله".(٥) سورة مريم ٩٨.(٦) جبار: أى هدر. ومعنى الحديث أن تنفلت البهيمة العجماء، فتصيب فى انفلاتها إنسانا أو شيئا، فجرحها هدر.(٧) أخرجه البخارى، فى: باب من حفر بئرا فى ملكه لم يضمن، من كتاب المساقاة، وفى: باب فى الركاز الخمس، من كتاب الزكاة، وفى: باب المعدن جبار والبئر جبار، وباب العجماء جبار من كتاب الديات. صحيح البخارى ٣/ ١٤٥، ٢/ ١٦٠، ٩/ ١٥، ١٦. ومسلم، فى: باب جرح العجماء والمعدن والبئر جبار، من كتاب الحدود. صحيع مسلم ٣/ ١٣٣٤، ١٣٣٥.كما أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب ما جاء فى الركاز وما فيه، من كتاب الخراج والفىء والإمارة، وفى: باب العجماء والمعدن والبئر جبار، من كتاب الديات. سنن أبى داود ٢/ ١٦١، ٥٠٢. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء أن العجماء جرحها جبار. . .، من أبواب الزكاة، وفى: باب ما جاء فى العجماء جرحها جبار، من أبواب الأحكام. عارضة الأحوذى ٣/ ١٣٨، ٦/ ١٤٥. والنسائى، فى: باب المعدن، من كتاب الزكاة. المجتبى ٥/ ٣٣. وابن ماجه، فى: باب من أصاب ركازا، من كتاب اللقطة، وفى: باب الجبار، من كتاب الديات. سنن ابن ماجه ٢/ ٨٣٩، ٨٩١. والدارمى، فى: باب فى الركاز، من كتاب الزكاة، وفى: باب=
