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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 4 · Page 39406 - Issue: He said: (If it exceeds that, then for every one hundred sheep, one sheep is due)

Translation · EN

that the obligation does not change after one hundred and twenty-one, until it reaches two hundred and forty-one, so that it would be double one hundred and twenty-one. This is not established from him. Sa'id narrated from Khalid, from Mughirah, from al-Sha'bi, from Mu'adh, who said: "When the sheep reached two hundred, he would not change it until it reached two hundred and forty, then he would take three sheep from it. When it reached three hundred, he would not change it until it reached three hundred and forty, then he would take four from it." The wording of the hadith that we mentioned is evidence against this, and the consensus contrary to this opinion is evidence of its invalidity, and al-Sha'bi did not meet Mu'adh.

406 - Issue: He said: "If they exceed that, then for every one hundred sheep, one sheep is due."

The apparent meaning of this statement is that the obligation does not change after two hundred and one, until it reaches four hundred, at which point one sheep becomes due for every one hundred. The tax-free threshold (waqs) would be between two hundred and one up to four hundred, which is one hundred and ninety-nine. This is one of the two narrations from Ahmad and the opinion of most jurists. There is another narration from Ahmad that when they exceed three hundred by one, four sheep are due, then the obligation does not change until it reaches five hundred, at which point one sheep is due for every one hundred. The large tax-free threshold (waqs) is between three hundred and one to five hundred, which is also one hundred and ninety-nine, and this is the choice of Abu Bakr. It was narrated from al-Nakha'i and al-Hasan ibn Salih, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) made three hundred a limit for the tax-free threshold and a final point for it, so it is necessary that a change in the nisab (minimum threshold) should follow it, like the two hundred. Our evidence is the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): "If they exceed that, then for every one hundred, ..."

Notes

(3) In the original: "wa-ahad". (4) In A and M: "ibn" is an error. Khalid is Khalid ibn Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Wasiti; he narrates from al-Mughirah ibn Miqsam al-Dabbi, and Sa'id ibn Mansur narrates from him. See: Tahdhib al-Tahdhib 3/100, 10/269. (5) In M: "balaghat". (1) In M: "wa-wahidah".

Arabic (Source)

أنَّ الفَرْضَ لا يَتَغَيَّرُ بعد المائةِ وإحْدَى (٣) وعِشْرِينَ، حتى تَبْلُغَ مائتَيْنِ واثْنَيْنِ وأرْبَعِينَ، ليَكُونَ مِثْلَىْ مائَةٍ وإحْدَى وعِشْرِينَ. ولا يَثْبُتُ عنه. وَرَوَى سَعِيدٌ، عن خَالِد، عن (٤) مُغِيرَةَ، عن الشَّعْبِىِّ، عن مُعَاذٍ، قال: كان إذا بَلَغَ (٥) الشِّيَاهُ مائتَيْنِ لم يُغَيِّرْهَا، حتى تَبْلُغَ أَرْبَعِينَ ومائتَيْنِ، فيَأْخُذَ منها ثَلَاثَ شِيَاهٍ، فإذا بَلَغَتْ ثَلَاثَمائةٍ، لم يُغَيِّرْهَا، حتى تَبْلُغ أرْبَعِينَ وثَلَاثَمائةٍ، فَيأخُذَ منها أرْبَعًا. ولَفْظُ الحَدِيثِ الذى ذَكَرْنَاهُ دَلِيلٌ عليه، والإجْمَاعُ على خِلَافِ هذا القَوْلِ دَلِيلٌ على فَسَادِهِ، والشَّعْبِىُّ لم يَلْقَ مُعَاذًا.

٤٠٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (فَإذَا زَادَتْ فَفِى كُلِّ مائَةِ شَاةٍ شَاةٌ)

ظَاهِرُ هذا القَوْلِ أنَّ الفَرْضَ لا يَتَغَيَّرُ بعد المائتَيْنِ وَوَاحِدَةٍ، حتى يَبْلُغَ أرْبَعمائةٍ، فيَجِبُ فى كُلِّ مائةٍ شَاةٌ، ويكونُ الوَقْصُ ما بين المائتَيْنِ وَوَاحِدَةٍ إلى أرْبَعمائةٍ، وذلك مائةٌ وتِسْعَةٌ وتِسْعُونَ. وهذا إحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عن أحمدَ، وقولُ أكْثَرِ الفُقَهاءِ. وعن أحمدَ رِوَايَةٌ أُخْرَى، أنَّها إذا زَادَتْ على ثَلَاثمائةٍ وَاحِدَةً (١)، ففيها أرْبَعُ شِيَاهٍ، ثم لا يَتَغَيَّرُ الفَرْضُ حتى تَبْلُغَ خَمْسَمائةٍ، فيكونُ فى كُلِّ مائةٍ شاةٌ، ويكونُ الوَقْصُ الكَبِيرُ بين ثَلَاثمائةٍ وَوَاحِدَةٍ إلى خَمْسمائةٍ، وهو أيضًا مائةٌ وتِسْعَةٌ وتِسْعُونَ، وهذا اخْتِيَارُ أبى بكرٍ. وحُكِىَ عن النَّخَعِىِّ، والحسنِ بن صَالِحٍ، لأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- جَعَلَ الثَّلَاثَمائة حَدًّا لِلْوَقْصِ، وغَايَةً له، فيَجِبُ أن يَتَعَقَّبَهُ تَغَيُّرُ النِّصَابِ، كالمائتَيْنِ. ولَنا، قولُ النَّبِىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "فإذا زَادَتْ، فَفِى كُلِّ مائةٍ

Notes

(٣) فى الأصل: "وأحد".(٤) فى ا، م: "بن" خطأ.وخالد هو ابن عبد اللَّه بن عبد الرحمن الواسطى، يروى عن المغيرة بن مقسم الضبى، ويروى عنه سعيد بن منصور. انظر: تهذيب الهذيب ٣/ ١٠٠، ١٠/ ٢٦٩.(٥) فى م: "بلغت".(١) فى م: "وواحدة".

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