Dawud, and al-Tirmidhi (1), who said: It is a sound (hasan) hadith. Ahmad said: It is narrated from three sources from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Sa'id narrated with his chain of transmission from Thawban that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Whoever fasts Ramadan, a month for ten months, and fasts six days after the Fitr, that is the completion of a year" (2). This means that a good deed is rewarded tenfold; so the month is ten months, and the six days are sixty days, which makes twelve months, a complete year. This does not follow the ruling of preempting Ramadan, because the day of Fitr is a separator. If it is said: There is no proof in this hadith regarding their virtue, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) compared fasting them to fasting the entire year, which is disliked. We respond: Fasting the entire year is only disliked due to the weakness it causes and its resemblance to asceticism (tabattul); were it not for that, it would be a great virtue because it involves occupying one's time with worship and obedience. The intent of the report is to liken it to it in the attainment of the reward for worship, in a manner devoid of hardship, just as he (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Whoever fasts three days of every month is as one who has fasted the entire year" (4). He mentioned this as an encouragement to fast them and to explain their virtue, and there is no disagreement regarding their recommendation. He prohibited 'Abd Allah ibn 'Amr from reciting the entire Quran in less than three days (5).
(1) Recorded by Abu Dawud, in: The Chapter on Fasting Six Days of Shawwal, from the Book of Fasting. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/567. And al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding Fasting Six Days of Shawwal, from the Chapters on Fasting. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 3/290. It was also recorded by Muslim, in: The Chapter on the Recommendation of Fasting Six Days of Shawwal, from the Book of Fasting. Sahih Muslim 2/822. And Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on Fasting Six Days of Shawwal, from the Book of Fasting. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/547. And al-Darimi, in: The Chapter on Fasting the Six Days of Shawwal, from the Book of Fasting. Sunan al-Darimi 2/21. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 5/417, 419. In the footnote of copy [B]: "It was also narrated by Muslim, al-Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah." (2) Recorded by Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on Fasting Six Days of Shawwal, from the Book of Fasting. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/547. And al-Darimi, in: The Chapter on Fasting the Six Days of Shawwal, from the Book of Fasting. Sunan al-Darimi 2/21. (3) In copies [B] and [M]: Addition: "that". (4) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding Fasting Three Days of Every Month, from the Chapters on Fasting. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 3/292. And al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on Fasting Three Days of the Month, from the Book of Fasting. Al-Mujtaba 4/188. And Ibn Majah, in: The Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding Fasting Three Days of Every Month, from the Book of Fasting. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/544. (5) Its takhrij (authentication/referencing) was provided earlier in 2/612.
دَاوُدَ، والتِّرْمِذِىُّ (١)، وقال: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وقال أحمدُ: هو مِن ثلاثةِ أَوْجُهٍ عن النَّبِىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-. ورَوَى سَعِيدٌ، بإسْنَادِه عن ثَوْبَانَ، قال: قال رسولُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ، شَهْرٌ بِعَشَرَةِ أَشْهُرٍ، وصَامَ سِتَّةَ أَيَّامٍ بَعْدَ الفِطْرِ، وذلِكَ تَمَامُ سَنَةٍ" (٢). يَعْنِى أنَّ الحَسَنَةَ بِعَشْرِ أمْثَالِها، فالشَّهْرُ بِعَشَرَةٍ والسِّتَّةُ بِسِتِّينَ يَوْمًا. فذلك اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا، وهو سَنَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ، ولا يَجْرِى هذا مَجْرَى التَّقْدِيمِ لِرمضانَ، لأنَّ يَوْمَ الفِطْرِ فَاصِلٌ. فإن قِيلَ: فلا دَلِيلَ فى هذا الحَدِيثِ على فَضِيلَتِها؛ لأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- شَبَّهَ صِيامَها بِصِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ، وهو مَكْرُوهٌ. قُلْنا: إنَّما كُرِهَ صَوْمُ الدَّهْرِ؛ لما فيه من الضَّعْفِ والتَّشْبِيهِ بِالتَّبَتُّلِ، لولا ذلك لَكان (٣) فَضْلًا عَظِيمًا، لِاسْتِغْرَاقِه الزَّمانَ بِالعِبادَةِ والطَّاعَةِ، والمُرَادُ بالخَبَرِ التَّشْبِيهُ به فى حُصُولِ العِبَادَةِ به، على وَجْه عَرِىٍّ عن المَشَقَّةِ، كما قال عليه السَّلَامُ: "مَنْ صَامَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، كَانَ كَمَنْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ" (٤). ذَكَرَ ذلك حَثًّا على صِيَامِها، وبَيانِ فَضْلِهَا، ولا خِلافَ فى اسْتِحْبَابِها. ونَهَى عبدَ اللهِ بن عَمْرٍو عن قِرَاءَةِ القُرْآنِ فى أَقَلَّ من ثَلاثٍ (٥).
(١) أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى صوم ستة أيام من شوال، من كتاب الصيام. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٥٦٧. والترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى صيام ستة أيام من شوال، من أبواب الصوم. عارضة الأحوذى ٣/ ٢٩٠.كما أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب استحباب صوم ستة أيام من شوال، من كتاب الصيام. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ٨٢٢. وابن ماجه، فى: باب صيام ستة أيام من شوال، من كتاب الصيام. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٥٤٧. والدارمى، فى: باب صيام الستة من شوال، من كتاب الصوم. سنن الدارمى ٢/ ٢١. والإِمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٥/ ٤١٧، ٤١٩.وفى حاشية ب: "ورواه مسلم والنسائى وابن ماجه".(٢) أخرجه ابن ماجه، فى: باب صيام ستة أيام من شوال، من كتاب الصوم. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٥٤٧. والدارمى، فى: باب صيام الستة من شوال، من كتاب الصوم. سنن الدارمى ٢/ ٢١.(٣) فى ب، م: زيادة: "ذلك".(٤) أخرجه الترمذى، فى: باب ما جاء فى صوم ثلاثة أيام من كل شهر، من أبواب الصوم. عارضة الأحوذى ٣/ ٢٩٢. والنسائى، فى: باب صوم ثلاثة أيام من الشهر، من كتاب الصيام. المجتبى ٤/ ١٨٨. وابن ماجه، فى: باب ما جاء فى صيام ثلاثة أيام من كل شهر، من كتاب الصيام. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٥٤٤.(٥) تقدم تخريجه فى ٢/ ٦١٢.
