the passing of the year, while zakat increases with the increase in number, unlike age. So if we adopt this narration, if the mothers die except for one, the zakat year is not interrupted, but if they all die, the year is interrupted.
410 - Issue; He said: "And there shall be taken from the goats the thaniyy (two-year-old), and from the sheep the jadha' (six-month-old)."
The total sum of this is that nothing is sufficient as charity for sheep except the jadha' from sheep—which is what is six months old—and the thaniyy from goats—which is what is one year old. If the owner voluntarily gives better than them in age, it is permissible. If what is mandatory is among the nisa' (threshold), he takes it. If all of it is above what is mandatory, the owner is given the choice between giving one of them or purchasing what is mandatory and paying it out. Al-Shafi'i held this view. Abu Hanifa said, in one of the two narrations from him: Nothing is sufficient except the thaniyya (two-year-old) from both of them, because they are two types of one genus, so what is mandatory from them is one, like the types of camels and cattle. Malik said: The jadha' is sufficient from both of them, due to that, and due to the statement of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): "Our right is only in the jadha' and the thaniyya." Our argument for the permissibility of giving the jadha' from sheep, along with this report, is the statement of Si'r ibn Daysam: "Two men came to me on a camel and said: 'We are the messengers of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to you, so that you may pay the zakat of your sheep.' I said: 'Which one will you take?' They said: 'An 'anaq (a young female goat), a jadha', or a thaniyya.'" Reported by Abu Dawud. Our argument [against Malik; is what] Suwayd ibn Ghafala narrated, saying: "The collector of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to us and said: 'We have been commanded to take the jadha' from sheep and the thaniyya from goats.'" This is explicit, and within it is the clarification of the absolute (mutlaq) in the two hadiths before it, and because the jadha' of sheep...
(13) In [B]: "arrival" (ḥulūl). (1) In [A] and [M]: "from it" (minhā). (2) Al-Zayla'i said: A gharib (strange) hadith. See: Naṣb al-Rāyah 2/354. Ibn Hajar mentioned that this is from the statement of the collector (al-muṣaddiq). See: Talkhīṣ al-Ḥabīr 2/153. (3) Its verification has preceded on page 45. (4) In [M]: "What Malik narrated from". An error. (5) Its verification has preceded on page 45.
حَوْلِ (١٣) الحَوْلِ، والعَدَدُ تَزيدُ الزكاةُ بِزِيَادَتِه، بِخلَافِ السِّنِّ، فإذا قُلْنا بهذه الرِّوَايَةِ، فإذا ماتَتِ الأُمَّهَاتُ إلَّا وَاحِدَةً، لم يَنْقَطِعِ الحَوْلُ، وإن ماتَتْ كلُّها، انْقَطَعَ الحَوْلُ.
٤١٠ - مسألة؛ قال: (ويُؤْخَذُ مِنَ الْمَعْزِ الثَّنِيُّ، ومِنَ الضَّأْنِ الجَذَعُ)
وجُمْلَتُه أَنَّه لا يُجْزِئُ فى صَدَقَةِ الغَنَمِ إلَّا الجَذَعُ من الضَّأْنِ، وهو ما لَه سِتَّةُ أَشْهُرٍ، والثَّنِىُّ من المَعْزِ، وهو ما لَه سَنَةٌ. فإنْ تَطَوَّعَ المالِكُ بِأَفْضَلَ منهما (١) فى السِّنِّ جَازَ، فإن كان الفَرْضُ فى النِّصَابِ أَخَذَهُ، وإن كان كُلُّه فَوْقَ الفَرْضِ خُيِّرَ المالِكُ بين دَفْعِ وَاحِدَةٍ منه، وبين شِرَاءِ الفَرْضِ فيُخْرِجُه. وبهذا قال الشَّافِعِىُّ. وقال أبو حنيفةَ، فى إحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عنه: لا يُجْزِئُ إلَّا الثَّنِيَّةُ منهما جَمِيعًا؛ لأنَّهما نَوْعَا جِنْسٍ، فكان الفَرْضُ منهما وَاحِدًا، كأنْوَاعِ الإِبِلِ والبَقَرِ. وقال مَالِكٌ: تُجْزِئُ الجَذَعَةُ منهما؛ لذلك، ولِقَوْلِ النَّبِىِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-: "إنَّمَا حَقُّنَا فى الجَذَعَةِ والثَّنِيَّةِ" (٢). ولَنا، على جَوَازِ إخْرَاجِ الجَذَعَةِ من الضَّأنِ مع هذا الخَبَرِ، قَوْلُ سِعْر ابن دَيْسَم: أَتَانِى رَجُلَانِ على بَعِيرٍ، فقالا: إنَّا رسولَا رَسولِ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- إليكَ، لِتُؤَدِّىَ صَدَقَةَ غَنَمِكَ. قلتُ: فَأىَّ شىءٍ تَأْخُذَانِ؟ قالا: عَنَاقٌ، جَذَعَةٌ أو ثَنِيَّةٌ. أخْرَجَهُ أبو دَاوُدَ (٣). ولَنا [على مالكٍ؛ ما رَوَى] (٤) سُوَيْدُ بن غَفَلَةَ، قال: أتَانَا مُصَدِّقُ رسولِ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، وقال: أُمِرْنَا أنْ نَأْخُذَ الجَذَعَةَ من الضَّأْنِ، والثَّنِيَّةَ من المَعْزِ (٥). وهذا صَرِيحٌ، وفيه بَيَانُ المُطْلَقِ فى الحَدِيثَيْنِ قبلَه، ولأنَّ جَذَعَةَ الضَّأْنِ
(١٣) فى ب: "حلول".(١) فى ا، م: "منها".(٢) قال الزيلعى: حديث غريب. انظر: نصب الراية ٢/ ٣٥٤. وذكر ابن حجر أن هذا من قولالمصدق. انظر: تلخيص الحبير ٢/ ١٥٣.(٣) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ٤٥.(٤) فى م: "ما روى مالك عن". خطأ.(٥) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ٤٥.
