575 - Issue: He said: (And he may buckle on the sword in case of necessity).
The total of this is that if the Muhrim needs to buckle on a sword, he may do so. This is the opinion of Malik. 'Ata', al-Shafi'i, and Ibn al-Mundhir permitted buckling it on. al-Hasan disliked it. The first [view] is more appropriate, due to what Abu Dawud (1) narrated with his chain of narration from al-Bara', who said: When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) made peace with the people of al-Hudaybiyah, he made peace with them on the condition that they would not enter it except with the sheathed weapons—meaning the scabbard with what is inside it. This is clear in the permissibility of carrying it when needed, because they did not feel secure that the people of Makkah would not break the treaty and violate the pledge, and they stipulated carrying the weapon in its scabbard. As for without fear, Ahmad said: No, unless there is a necessity. He only forbade it because Ibn Umar said: The Muhrim shall not carry a weapon in the Haram. Analogy dictates its permissibility, because that is not in the meaning of the worn item that is explicitly prohibited. For this reason, if he carried a water skin (qirbah) on his neck, it is not forbidden for him, nor is there a fidyah upon him for it. Ahmad was asked about the Muhrim who places his bag (jirab) on his neck in the likeness of a water skin, and he said: I hope there is no harm in it.
576 - Issue: He said: (And if he casts the qaba' [outer garment] and the dawaj [heavy cloak] (1) over his shoulders, he shall not insert his hands into the sleeves).
The apparent meaning of this wording is the permissibility of wearing the qaba' as long as he does not insert his hands into its sleeves. This is the opinion of al-Hasan, 'Ata', and Ibrahim, and Abu Hanifah also stated this. al-Qadi and Abu al-Khattab said: If he inserts his shoulders [into the qaba'] (2), a fidyah is due upon him, even if he does not insert his hands into its sleeves. This is the school of thought of...
(1) In: 'Chapter: The Muhrim carrying a weapon,' from the Book of Manasik. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/425. It was also collected by al-Bukhari, in: 'Chapter: How is this written...,' and in: 'Chapter: The peace treaty with the polytheists...,' from the Book of Peace Treaties. Sahih al-Bukhari 3/241, 242. And Muslim, in: 'Chapter: The peace treaty of al-Hudaybiyah...,' from the Book of Jihad and Expeditions. Sahih Muslim 3/1409, 1410. And Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 4/291. (1) Dawaj: A thick overcoat. (2) Omitted from: The original text.
٥٧٥ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَيتَقَلَّدُ بِالسَّيْفِ عِنْدَ الضَّرُورَةِ)
وجُمْلَةُ ذلك أنَّ المُحْرِمَ إذا احْتاجَ إلى تَقَلُّدِ السَّيْفِ، فله ذلك. وبهذا قال مالِكٌ. وأباحَ عَطاءٌ، والشَّافِعِيُّ، وابنُ المُنْذِرِ تَقَلُّدَهُ. وكَرِهَهُ الحسنُ. والأوَّلُ أوْلَى؛ لما رَوَى أبو دَاوُدَ (١)، بإسْنَادِه عن البَرَاءِ، قال: لمَّا صَالَحَ رسولُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أهْلَ الحُدَيْبِيَةِ، صَالَحَهم على أنْ لا يَدْخُلُوها إلَّا بِجُلْبَانِ السِّلَاحِ. -القِرَابُ بما فيه- وهذا ظَاهِرٌ في إباحَةِ حَمْلِه عند الحاجَةِ؛ لأنَّهم لم يكونُوا يَأْمَنُونَ أهْلَ مَكَّةَ أن يَنْقُضُوا العَهْدَ، ويَخْفِرُوا الذِّمَّةَ، واشْتَرَطُوا حَمْلَ السِّلَاحِ في قِرَابِه. فأمَّا مِن غيرِ خَوْفٍ، فإنَّ أحمدَ قال: لا، إلَّا مِن ضَرُورَةٍ. وإنَّما مَنَعَ منه؛ لأنَّ ابْنَ عمرَ قال: لا يَحْمِلُ المُحْرِمُ السِّلاحَ في الحَرَمِ. والقِياسُ إبَاحَتُه؛ لأنَّ ذلك ليس هو في مَعْنَى المَلْبُوسِ المَنْصُوصِ على تَحْرِيمِه، ولذلك لو حَمَلَ قِرْبَةً في عُنُقِه، لا يَحْرُمُ عليه ذلك، ولا فِدْيَةَ عليه فيه. وسُئِلَ أحمدُ عن المُحْرِمِ يُلْقِى جِرَابَه في رَقَبَتِه، كهَيْئَةِ القِرْبَةِ. قال: أرْجُو أن لا يكونَ به بَأْسٌ.
٥٧٦ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإنْ طَرَحَ عَلَى كَتِفَيْهِ الْقَبَاءَ والدُّوَاجَ (١)، فَلَا يُدْخِلْ يَدَيْهِ في الكُمَّيْنِ)
ظَاهِرُ هذا اللَّفْظِ إباحَةُ لُبْسِ القَبَاءِ، ما لم يُدْخِلْ يَدَيْهِ في كُمَّيْهِ، وهو قولُ الحسنِ، وعَطاءٍ، وإبْرَاهيمَ، وبه قال أبو حنيفةَ. وقال القاضي، وأبو الخَطَّابِ: إذا أدْخَلَ كَتِفَيْهِ [في القَبَاءِ] (٢)، فعليه الفِدْيَةُ، وإن لم يُدْخِلْ يَدَيْهِ في كُمَّيْهِ. وهو مذهبُ
(١) في: باب المحرم يحمل السلاح، من كتاب المناسك. سنن أبي داود ١/ ٤٢٥.كما أخرجه البخاري، في: باب كيف يكتب هذا. . .، وفي: باب الصلح مع المشركين. . .، من كتاب الصلح. صحيح البخاري ٣/ ٢٤١، ٢٤٢. ومسلم، في: باب صلح الحديبية. . .، من كتاب الجهاد والسير. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٤٠٩، ١٤١٠. وأحمد، في: المسند ٤/ ٢٩١.(١) الدواج: معطف غليظ.(٢) سقط من: الأصل.
