578 - Issue: He [Ibn Qudama] said: "He shall not kill game, nor hunt it, nor point to it, nor direct others to it, whether one is in a state of ihram or not (1)."
There is no disagreement among scholars regarding the prohibition of killing game and hunting it for one in a state of ihram. Allah the Exalted explicitly mentioned this (2) in His Book, saying, the Almighty: "O you who believe, do not kill game while you are in the state of ihram" (3). He also said: "Game of the sea and its food are permitted for you... but prohibited for you is game of the land as long as you are in the state of ihram" (4). Pointing toward game and directing others to it are also prohibited for him. In the hadith of Abu Qatadah (5), when he hunted a wild ass while his companions were in a state of ihram, the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said to his companions: "Did any of you order him to attack it, or point toward it?" In a version agreed upon: "They saw a wild ass, and I was busy patching my sandal, so they did not alert me, though they loved for me to have seen it." This indicates that they believed pointing to it was prohibited. The Prophet's (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) question to them: "Did any of you order him to attack it, or point toward it?" indicates that the prohibition would attach to such an act had it occurred from them. This is because it is a cause leading to an act prohibited for him, so it was prohibited, just like setting a trap.
Section: It is not permissible for him to assist in hunting in any way. In the agreed-upon hadith of Abu Qatadah: "Then I rode and forgot my whip and spear, so I said to them, 'Hand me the whip and the spear.'"
(1) In [M]: "haram". (2) Omitted from [M]. (3) Surah al-Ma'idah: 95. (4) Surah al-Ma'idah: 96. (5) Collected by al-Bukhari in: The Chapter of One Who Requests a Gift from His Companions... from the Book of Gifts and Their Merit, Sahih al-Bukhari 3/202; and by Muslim in: The Chapter on the Prohibition of Hunting for One in a State of Ihram, from the Book of Hajj, Sahih Muslim 2/851-854. It was also collected by Abu Dawud in: The Chapter on Game Meat for the One in a State of Ihram, from the Book of Rites 1/429; and by al-Nasa'i in: The Chapter on When the One in Ihram Laughs... and the Chapter on When the One in Ihram Points..., from the Book of Hajj Rites 5/145, 146.
٥٧٨ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَلَا يَقْتُلُ الصَّيْدَ، وَلَا يَصِيدُهُ، وَلَا يُشِيرُ إلَيْهِ، وَلَا يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ، حَلَالًا ولا مُحْرِمًا (١))
لا خِلَافَ بين أهْلِ العِلْمِ، في تَحْرِيمِ قَتْلِ الصَّيْدِ واصْطِيَادِه على المُحْرِمِ. وقد نَصَّ اللهُ تعالى عليه (٢) في كِتَابِه، فقال سبحانه: {يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَقْتُلُوا الصَّيْدَ وَأَنْتُمْ حُرُمٌ} (٣). وقال تعالى: {وَحُرِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ صَيْدُ الْبَرِّ مَا دُمْتُمْ حُرُمًا} (٤). وتَحْرُمُ عليه الإشارَةُ إلى الصَّيْدِ، والدَّلَالَةُ عليه؛ فإنَّ في حديثِ أبي قَتَادَةَ (٥) لمَّا صادَ الحِمارَ الوَحْشِىَّ، وأصْحَابُه مُحْرِمُونَ، قال النَّبِيُّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- لأصْحَابِه: "هَلْ مِنْكُمْ أحَدٌ أمَرَهُ أنْ يَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهَا، أوْ أشَارَ إلَيْهَا؟ ". وفي لَفْظٍ مُتَّفَقٍ عليه: فأبْصَرُوا حِمَارًا وَحْشِيًّا، وأنا مَشْغُولٌ أخْصِفُ نَعْلِى، فلم يُؤْذِنُونِي، وأَحَبُّوا لو أنِّي أبْصَرْتُه. وهذا يَدُلُّ على أنَّهم اعْتَقَدُوا تَحْرِيمَ الدَّلَالَةِ عليه. وسُؤالُ النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- لهم: "هَلْ مِنْكُمْ أحَدٌ أمَرَه أنْ يَحْمِلَ عَلَيْهَا، أوْ أشَارَ إلَيْهَا؟ " يَدُلُّ على تَعَلُّقِ التَّحْرِيمِ بذلك لو وُجِدَ منهم. ولأنَّه تَسَبَّبَ إلى مُحَرَّمٍ عليه، فحُرِّمَ، كَنَصْبِه الأُحْبُولَةَ.
فصل: ولا تَحِلُّ له الإعانَةُ على الصَّيْدِ بِشىءٍ، فإنَّ في حَدِيثِ أبي قَتَادَةَ المُتَّفَقِ عليه: ثم رَكِبْتُ، ونَسِيتُ السَّوْطَ والرُّمْحَ، فقلتُ لهم: نَاوِلُونِى السَّوْطَ والرُّمْحَ،
(١) في م: "حراما".(٢) سقط من: م.(٣) سورة المائدة ٩٥.(٤) سورة المائدة ٩٦.(٥) أخرجه البخاري، في: باب من استوهب من أصحابه. . .، من كتاب الهبة وفضلها. صحيح البخاري ٣/ ٢٠٢. ومسلم، في: باب تحريم الصيد للمحرم، من كتاب الحج. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ٨٥١ - ٨٥٤.كما أخرجه أبو داود، في: باب لحم الصيد للمحرم، من كتاب المناسك ١/ ٤٢٩. والنسائي، في: باب إذا ضحك المحرم. . .، وباب إذا أشارِ المحرم. . .، من كتاب مناسك الحج ٥/ ١٤٥، ١٤٦.