It is invalidated by purchasing a slave girl for concubinage, and because what the permissibility of a wife relates to is permitted in marriage, such as making expiation in dhihar (a form of separation). As for buying slave girls, it is permitted, regardless of whether he intended concubinage or not. We know of no disagreement regarding this, as it is not an act for the purpose of making an intimate part lawful, so it resembles the purchase of male slaves and livestock. For this reason, it is permitted to buy one whose intercourse is not lawful, and therefore it does not become forbidden in a state where intercourse is forbidden.
601 - Issue: He said: "And he may kill the kite, the crow, the mouse, the scorpion, the predatory dog, and everything that attacks him or harms him, and there is no fida' (compensation) upon him."
This is the opinion of most scholars, including al-Thawri, al-Shafi'i, Ishaq, and the People of Opinion (Ahl al-Ra'y). It was narrated from al-Nakha'i that he forbade the killing of the mouse. The hadith is explicit regarding the permissibility of killing it, so that which contradicts it is not relied upon. The intended meaning of "the piebald crow" (al-ghurab al-abqa') is the raven (ghurab al-bayn). Some people said: Only the piebald crow is permitted, because it was narrated: "Five are pests (fawasiq) that may be killed in the inhabited land (hill) and the Sacred Precinct (haram): the snake, the piebald crow, the mouse, the predatory dog, and the kite." Narrated by Muslim. This restricts the absolute statement in the other hadith, and it is impossible to carry it on the general meaning, based on the evidence that the permitted [type of] crow is not lawful to kill. Our position is what Aisha narrated: She said: The Messenger of God—may God bless him and grant him peace—ordered the killing of five pests in the [inhabited land and] the Sacred Precinct: the kite, the crow, the mouse, the scorpion, and the predatory dog. And from Ibn Umar, that the Messenger of God—may God bless him and grant him peace—said: "There are five types of creatures for which there is no sin upon the muhrim..."
(3) In A, B, and M: "for the purchase". (4) In B and M: "making lawful". (1) Al-hudayya: the kite. (2) Its documentation was mentioned previously on page 115. (3) A necessary completion.
فتَبْطُلُ بشِرَاء الأمَةِ للتَّسَرِّى (٣)، ولأنَّ ما يَتَعَلَّقُ به إبَاحَةُ الزَّوْجَةِ مُبَاحٌ فى النِّكَاحِ، كالتَّكْفِيرِ فى الظِّهَارِ. وأمَّا شِرَاءُ الإِماءِ فمُبَاحٌ، وسَوَاءٌ قَصَدَ به التَّسَرِّىَ أو لم يَقْصِدْ. لا نَعْلَمُ فيه خِلَافًا، فإنَّه ليس بِمَوْضُوعٍ للاسْتِبَاحَةِ (٤) فى البُضْعِ، فأشْبَهَ شِرَاءَ العَبِيدِ والبَهائِمِ، ولذلك أُبِيحَ شِرَاءُ مَنْ لا يَحِلُّ وَطْؤُها، فلذلك لم يَحْرُمْ فى حَالَةٍ يَحْرُمُ فيها الوَطْءُ.
٦٠١ - مسألة؛ قال: (ولَهُ أنْ يَقْتُلَ الحِدَأَةَ، والغُرَابَ، والفَأْرَةَ، والعَقْرَبَ، والكَلْبَ العَقُورَ، وكُلَّ ما عَدَا عَلَيْهِ، أوْ آذَاهُ، وَلَا فِدَاءَ عَلَيْهِ)
هذا قولُ أكْثَرِ أهْلِ العِلْمِ؛ منهم الثَّوْرِىُّ، والشَّافِعِىُّ، وإسحاقُ، وأصْحابُ الرَّأْىِ، وحُكِىَ عن النَّخَعِىِّ أنَّه مَنَعَ قَتْلَ الفَأْرَةِ. والحَدِيثُ صَرِيحٌ فى حِلِّ قَتْلِهَا، فلا يُعَوَّلُ على ما خَالَفَه. والمُرَادُ بِالغُرَابِ الأبْقَعِ غُرَابُ البَيْنِ. وقال قَوْمٌ: لا يُبَاحُ من الغِرْبَانِ إلَّا الأَبْقَعُ خَاصَّةً، لأنَّه قد رُوِىَ: "خَمْسٌ فَوَاسِقُ، يُقْتَلْنَ فِى الحِلِّ والحَرَمِ: الحَيَّةُ، والغُرَابُ الْأَبْقَعُ، والفَأْرَةُ، والكَلْبُ العَقُورُ، والحُدَيَّا (١) ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ (٢). وهذا يُقَيِّدُ المُطْلَقَ فى الحَدِيثِ الآخَرِ، ولا يُمْكِنُ حَمْلُهُ على العُمُومِ؛ بِدَلِيلِ أنَّ المُبَاحَ من الغِرْبَانِ لا يَحِلُّ قَتْلُهُ. ولَنا، ما رَوَتْ عائشةُ، قالتْ: أمَرَ رسولُ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- بِقَتْلِ خَمْسٍ فَوَاسِقَ فى [الْحِلِّ وَ] (٣) الحَرَمِ: الحِدَأَةِ، والغُرَابِ، والفَأْرَةِ، والعَقْرَبِ، والكَلْبِ العَقُورِ. وعن ابنِ عمر، أنَّ رسولَ اللهِ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قال: "خَمْسٌ مِنَ الدَّوَابِّ، لَيْسَ عَلَى المُحْرِمِ جُنَاحٌ
(٣) فى أ، ب، م: "للشراء".(٤) فى ب، م: "الاستباحة".(١) الحديا: الحدأة.(٢) تقدم تخريجه فى صفحة ١١٥.(٣) تكملة لازمة.
