that place for that purpose. If he assumes Ihram for Hajj and then dies, substitution on his behalf for the remainder of the rites is valid, whether his Ihram was for himself or for another. Ahmad explicitly stated this because it is an act of worship in which substitution is permissible, so if he dies after performing part of it, the remainder is fulfilled on his behalf, just like Zakat.

Section: If he does not leave an estate sufficient for Hajj from his home country, Hajj is performed on his behalf from wherever it is sufficient. If he owes a debt to a fellow human, they shall divide it proportionally, and his share shall be taken for Hajj, and Hajj shall be performed with it from wherever it is sufficient. Ahmad said regarding a man who willed that Hajj be performed on his behalf, but the funds are insufficient for the expenses: "Hajj shall be performed on his behalf from wherever the expenses suffice for a traveler starting from other than his city." This is based on the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "If I command you to do something, then do as much of it as you are able" (20). And because he is able to perform part of the obligation, it becomes binding upon him, like Zakat. There is also an opinion from Ahmad that indicates that the obligation of Hajj lapses, because he said regarding a man who willed an obligatory Hajj, but did not leave behind enough to complete a Hajj: "Should Hajj be performed on his behalf from the city, or from where a Hajj can be completed?" He replied: "In my view, Hajj is only from the place where it became mandatory upon him." This is a signal that it lapses for someone who owes a debt that his estate cannot satisfy along with the Hajj, for if he allows it to lapse when there is no counteracting factor, then with a counteracting factor (21) of a confirmed right of a fellow human, it is more appropriate and certain. It is also possible that it lapses for one who owes a debt in all circumstances, because the right of a specific individual is prioritized for fulfillment due to its urgency, and his right is the right of Allah Almighty, alongside the fact that it is not possible to perform it in the mandatory manner.

Section: If he wills a supererogatory Hajj (tatawwu'), and his one-third [of the estate] is insufficient for Hajj from his home country, Hajj shall be performed on his behalf from wherever it is sufficient (22), or it shall be used to assist in the Hajj. Ahmad explicitly stated this. He also said: "Regarding supererogatory Hajj, it does not matter from where it is [started], and a trustworthy person is appointed as a substitute on behalf of the deceased for the lowest cost found, unless the heirs agree to an increase, or if he has willed something specific, in which case what he willed is permitted as long as it does not exceed the one-third."