for you. Then, if he bought it from him after that with a new contract and counted the dirham as part of the price, it is valid, because the sale was free from the corrupting condition. It is possible that the purchase made for Umar was in this manner, and thus it is understood in this way to harmonize his action with the report, the requirements of analogy, and the [positions of the] Imams who assert the corruption of 'urbun (earnest money). If he did not buy the item in this scenario, the seller is not entitled to the dirham, because he would be taking it without consideration (iwd), and its owner has the right to reclaim it. It is not valid to designate it as compensation for waiting or for delaying the sale on his account, because if it were compensation for that, it would not be permissible to count it as part of the price at the time of purchase. Furthermore, it is not permissible to seek compensation for waiting in a sale; if it were permissible, it would be necessary for it to be of a known quantity, as in leasing (ijara).
767 - Issue: He said: "If he says, 'I sell to you for such-and-such on the condition that I take from you a dinar for such-and-such,' the sale does not conclude. The same applies if he sells it for gold on the condition that he takes dirhams from him at an exchange rate they both specified."
In summary, a sale with this description is void, because he stipulated in the contract that he would exchange currencies (musarafa) at the price upon which the contract was based, and currency exchange is a sale contract, thus becoming two sales in one sale. Ahmad said: "This is its meaning." Abu Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade two sales in one sale. It was recorded by al-Tirmidhi, who said: "A hasan sahih hadith." It was also narrated from Abdullah ibn Amr from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Every case similar to this carries the same meaning, such as if he says: "I sell you this house of mine on the condition that I sell you my other house for such-and-such," or "on the condition that you sell me your house."
(1) In the original: "he does not exchange currency with him." (2) In: Chapter on what is mentioned regarding the prohibition of two sales in one sale, from the chapters on sales. Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/239. It was also recorded by al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter on two sales in one sale, from the Book of Sales. Al-Mujtaba 7/260. And Imam Malik, in: Chapter on the prohibition of two sales in one sale, from the Book of Sales. Al-Muwatta 2/663. And Imam Ahmad, in: Al-Musnad 2/432, 475, 503. (3) The hadith of Abdullah ibn Amr will come in the second section of this issue.
لك. ثمَّ اشْتَراها منه بعد ذلك بِعَقْدٍ مُبْتَدِىءٍ وحَسَبَ الدِّرْهَمَ من الثَّمَنِ، صَحَّ، لأنَّ البَيْعَ خَلا عن الشَّرْطِ المُفْسِدِ. ويَحْتَمِلُ أنَّ الشِّراءَ الذى اشْتُرِىَ لِعمرَ كان على هذا الوَجْهِ، فيُحْمَلُ عليه جَمْعًا بين فِعْلِه وبين الخَبَرِ، ومُوافَقَةِ القِيَاسِ، والأئِمَّةِ القائِلِينَ بِفَسادِ العُرْبُونِ. وإن لم يَشْتَرِ السِّلْعَةَ فى هذه الصُّورَةِ، لم يَسْتَحِقّ البائِعُ الدِّرْهَمَ؛ لأنَّه يَأْخُذُه بغيرِ عِوَضٍ، ولِصاحِبِه الرُّجُوعُ فيه، ولا يَصِحُّ جَعْلُه عِوَضًا عن انْتِظارِه، وتَأْخيرِ بَيعِه من أجْلِه، لأنَّه لو كان عِوَضًا عن ذلك، لَما جازَ جَعْلُه من الثَّمَنِ، فى حال الشِّراءِ، ولأنَّ الانْتِظارَ بِالبَيْعِ لا تجوزُ المُعاوَضَةُ عنه، ولو جازَتْ لَوَجَبَ أن يكونَ مَعْلُومَ المِقْدارِ، كما فى الإِجارَةِ.
٧٦٧ - مسألة، قال: (وإذَا قال: بِعْتُكَ بِكَذَا عَلَى أنْ آخُذَ مِنْكَ الدِّينَارَ بِكَذَا. لم يَنْعَقِدِ البَيْعُ، وكَذلِك إنْ بَاعَهُ بِذَهَبٍ، عَلَى أنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْهُ دَرَاهِمَ بِصَرْفٍ ذَكَرَاهُ)
وجُمْلَتُه، أنَّ البَيْعَ بهذه الصِّفَةِ باطِلٌ؛ لأنَّه شَرَطَ فى العَقْدِ أن يُصارِفَه (١) بالثَّمَنِ الذى وَقَعَ العَقْدُ به، والمُصارَفَةُ عَقْدُ بَيْعٍ، فيكون بَيْعَتانِ فى بَيْعَةٍ. قال أحمدُ: هذا مَعْناه، وقد رَوَى أبو هُرَيْرَةَ قال: نَهَى رسولُ اللَّه -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- عن بَيْعَتَيْنِ فى بَيْعَةٍ. أخْرَجَه التِّرمِذِيُّ (٢)، وقال: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ، وَرُوِىَ أيضًا عن عبدِ اللهِ بن عَمْرٍو (٣)، عن النَّبِيِّ -صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ-، وهكذا كلُّ ما كان فى مَعْنَى هذا، مثل أن يقولَ: بِعْتُكَ دارِى هذه على أن أبِيعَكَ دارِى الأُخْرَى بكذا. أو على أن تَبِيعَنِى دارَك.
(١) فى الأصل: "لا يصارفه".(٢) فى: باب ما جاء فى النهى عن بيعتين فى بيعة، من أبواب البيوع. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ٢٣٩.كما أخرجه النسائى، فى: باب بيعتين فى بيعة، من كتاب البيوع. المجتبى ٧/ ٢٦٠. والإِمام مالك، فى: باب النهى عن بيعتين فى بيعة، من كتاب البيوع. الموطأ ٢/ ٦٦٣. والإِمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٢/ ٤٣٢، ٤٧٥، ٥٠٣.(٣) حديث عبد اللَّه بن عمرو سيأتى فى الفصل الثانى من هذه المسألة.
