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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 6 · Page 357Section

Translation · EN

Agreed upon (8). If one keeps it for guarding houses, it is not permissible due to the report. However, it is possible that it is permissible; this is the view of the companions of al-Shafi'i, because it is in the same meaning as the three (permitted purposes), so it should be analogized to them. The first view is more correct, because applying the analogy of other than these three to them would permit that which the report covers by way of prohibition. Al-Qadi said: "It is not in their meaning; for the thief might devise a trick to remove it by feeding it something, then stealing the goods. As for the wolf, it does not allow for this regarding it, and because keeping it in houses harms passersby, unlike in the desert."

Section: As for raising a small puppy for one of the three purposes, it is permissible according to the stronger of the two views, because he intended it for that, so it takes on its ruling. Just as it is permissible to sell a young slave or a young foal that has no benefit at the present time, due to its eventual benefit. And because if he were not to keep a young one, it would not be possible to make the dog a hunting dog, since it does not become trained except by training, and it is not possible to train it except by raising it and keeping it for a period during which one trains it. Allah the Almighty says: "...and those beasts of prey which you have trained as hounds, teaching them according to the knowledge which Allah has taught you" (9). And there is no trained dog found without training. The second view is that it is not permissible, because it is not one of the three.

Section: Whoever keeps a dog for hunting, then abandons hunting for a period, while intending to return to it,

Notes

(8) Extracted by al-Bukhari, in: The Chapter on Whoever Keeps a Dog That Is Not a Hunting Dog or a Livestock Dog, from the Book of Slaughtering. Sahih al-Bukhari 7/112. And Muslim, in: The Chapter on the Command to Kill Dogs..., from the Book of al-Musaqat. Sahih Muslim 3/1201-1203. It was also extracted by al-Tirmidhi, in: The Chapter on What Has Been Said Regarding One Who Keeps a Dog and What Is Diminished from His Reward, from the Chapters on Hunting. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 6/284. And al-Nasa'i, in: The Chapter on the Concession for Keeping a Dog for Livestock, and The Chapter on the Concession for Keeping a Dog for Hunting, from the Book of Hunting. Al-Mujtaba 7/165, 166. And al-Darimi, in: The Chapter on Keeping a Hunting Dog or a Livestock Dog, from the Book of Hunting. Sunan al-Darimi 2/90. And Imam Malik, in: The Chapter on What Has Been Said Regarding the Command Concerning Dogs, from the Book of Seeking Permission. Al-Muwatta 2/969. And Imam Ahmad, in: The Musnad 2/4, 8, 37, 47, 60, 101, 113, 156. (9) Surah al-Ma'idah 4.

Arabic (Source)

مُتَّفَقٌ عليه (٨). وإن اقْتَناه لِحِفْظِ البُيُوتِ، لم يَجُزْ؛ لِلْخَبَرِ. ويَحْتَمِلُ الإباحَةَ. وهو قولُ أصْحابِ الشَّافِعِيِّ؛ لأنَّه في مَعْنَى الثَّلَاثَةِ، فيُقَاس عليها. والأوَّلُ أصَحُّ؛ لأنَّ قِياسَ غيرِ الثَّلَاثَةِ عليها، يُبِيحُ ما يَتَنَاوَلُ الخَبَرُ تَحْرِيمَه. قال القاضِى: وليس هو في مَعْناها، فقد يَحْتالُ اللِّصُّ لإخْراجِه بشىءٍ يُطْعِمُه إيَّاهُ، ثم يَسْرِقُ المَتاعَ. وأمَّا الذِّئْبُ، فلا يَحْتَمِلُ هذا في حَقِّهِ، ولأنَّ اقْتِناءَه في البُيُوتِ يُؤْذِي المارَّةَ، بِخِلافِ الصَّحْراءِ.

فصل: فأمَّا تَرْبِيَةُ الجَرْوِ الصَّغِيرِ لأحَدِ الأُمُورِ الثَّلَاثَةِ، فيجوزُ في أقوَى الوَجْهَيْنِ؛ لأنَّه قَصَدَه لذلك، فيَأخُذُ حُكْمَه. كما يجوزُ بَيْعُ العَبْدِ الصَّغِيرِ، والجَحْشِ الصَّغِيرِ، الذى لا نَفْعَ فيه في الحالِ؛ لمآلِه إلى الانْتِفاعِ. ولأنَّه لو لم يتَّخِذ الصّغِيرَ، ما أمكنَ جَعْلُ الكَلْبِ لِلصَّيْدِ، إذ لا يَصِيرُ مُعَلَّمًا إلَّا بالتَّعْلِيمِ، ولا يُمكنُ تَعْلِيمُه إلَّا بِتَرْبِيَتِه، واقْتِنائِه مُدَّةً، يُعَلِّمُه فيها. قال اللهُ تعالى: {وَمَا عَلَّمْتُمْ مِنَ الْجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ تُعَلِّمُونَهُنَّ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ اللَّهُ} (٩). ولا يُوجَدُ كَلْبٌ مُعَلَّمٌ بغير تَعْلِيمٍ. والوجه الثاني، لا يجوزُ؛ لأنَّه ليس من الثَّلَاثَةِ.

فصل: ومن اقْتَنَى كَلْبًا لِلصَّيْدِ، ثم تَرَكَ الصَّيْدَ مُدَّةً، وهو يُرِيدُ العَوْدَ إليه،

Notes

(٨) أخرجه البخاري، في: باب من اقتنى كلبا لبس بكلب صيد أو ماشية، من كتاب الذبائح. صحيح البخاري ٧/ ١١٢. ومسلم، في: باب الأمر بقتل الكلاب. . .، من كتاب المساقاة. صحيح مسلم ٣/ ١٢٠١ - ١٢٠٣.كما أخرجه الترمذى، في: باب ما جاء من أمسك كلبا ما ينقص من أجره، من أبواب الصيد. عارضة الأحوذي ٦/ ٢٨٤. والنسائي، في: باب الرخصة في إمساك الكلب للماشية، وباب الرخصة في إمساك الكلب للصيد، من كتاب الصيد. المجتبي ٧/ ١٦٥، ١٦٦. والدارمي، في: باب في اقتناء كلب الصيد أو الماشية، من كتاب الصيد. سنن الدارمي ٢/ ٩٠. والإمام مالك، في: باب ما جاء في أمر الكلاب، من كتاب الاستئذان. الموطأ ٢/ ٩٦٩. والإمام أحمد، في: المسند ٢/ ٤، ٨، ٣٧، ٤٧، ٦٠، ١٠١، ١١٣، ١٥٦.(٩) سورة المائدة ٤.

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