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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 6 · Page 397Section

Translation · EN

dyed, and it was of the type whose yarn is dyed, it is permissible because that is one of the attributes of the garment. If it is of a type that is dyed after weaving, it is not permissible, because dyeing the garment prevents verifying its smoothness or roughness, and because the dye is unknown. If he enters into a Salam contract for a garment of different yarns, such as cotton and silk, or cotton and linen, or wool, and the yarns are defined by saying, for example: "The warp (51) is silk, and the weft (52) is linen," or similar, it is permissible. For this reason, the Salam contract is valid for khazz (a blend of silk and wool or hair), which consists of two different yarns. If he enters into a Salam contract for a garment that is embroidered, and the embroidery is part of its weaving process, it is permissible. If it is an addition, it is not permissible because it cannot be defined.

Section: He describes cotton and linen yarn by the country of origin, color, thickness and fineness, and smoothness and roughness. He describes cotton using these same attributes, substituting length and shortness for thickness and fineness. If he stipulates that the cotton be seedless, it is permissible. If he leaves it absolute, he is entitled to it with its seeds, like dates with their pits. He describes silk by the country of origin, color, and thickness and fineness. He describes wool by the country of origin, color, length and shortness, and the season, whether autumnal or vernal, because autumn wool is cleaner. Al-Qadi said: He also describes it as male or female, because the wool of females is softer. It is possible that this attribute is not needed, because the difference in this regard is slight. He is obliged to deliver it clean of thorns and dung, even if he did not stipulate it. If he did stipulate it (53), it is permissible, and it serves as a confirmation. Hair and fur are like wool. A Salam contract is valid for paper (kaghid) because it is possible to define it; he describes it by length, width, fineness and thickness, the quality of craftsmanship, and whatever else affects the price.

Section: He defines copper, lead, and iron by their type, saying regarding lead: "Qala'i" (54) or "Asrub" (55), and by smoothness and roughness, and color if it varies.

Notes

(51) The warp (sada) of a garment is what is stretched out in it. (52) The weft (luhma), with a damma on the lam, is what is woven across. (53) In [A] and [M]: "he stipulated it". (54) Qala'i: The name of a mineral to which high-quality lead is attributed; it is extremely white. (55) Asrub: Lead, which is an Arabized Persian word. Al-Misbah al-Munir.

Arabic (Source)

مَصْبُوغٍ، وكان مِمَّا يُصْبَغُ غَزْلُه، جَازَ؛ لأنَّ ذلك من جُمْلَةِ صِفَاتِ الثَّوْبِ، وإن كان مِمَّا يُصْبَغُ بعدَ نَسْجِه، لم يَجُزْ؛ لأنَّ صَبْغَ الثَّوْبِ يَمْنَعُ الوُقُوفَ على نُعُومَتِه وخُشُونَتِه، ولأنَّ الصِّبْغَ غيرُ مَعْلُومٍ. وإن أسْلَمَ في ثَوْبٍ مُخْتَلِفِ الغُزُولِ؛ كَقُطْنٍ وإِبْرِيسَم، أو قُطْنٍ وكَتَّانٍ، أو صُوفٍ، وكانتِ الغُزُولُ مَضْبُوطَةً بأن يقول: السَّدَى (٥١) إِبْرِيسَمُ، واللُّحْمَةُ (٥٢) كَتَّانٌ أو نحوُه، جَازَ. ولهذا جَازَ السَّلَمُ في الخَزِّ، وهو من غَزْلَيْنِ مُخْتَلِفَيْنِ. وإن أسْلَمَ في ثَوْبٍ مُوَشًّى، وكان الوَشْىُ من تَمامِ نَسْجِه، جازَ. وإن كان زِيَادَةً، لم يَجُزْ؛ لأنَّه لا يَنْضَبِطُ.

فصل: ويَصِفُ غَزْلَ القُطْنِ والكَتَّانِ، بالبَلَدِ واللَّوْنِ، والغِلَظِ والدِّقَّةِ، والنُّعُومَةِ والخُشُونَةِ، ويَصِفُ القُطْنَ بذلك، ويَجْعَلُ مكان الغِلَظِ والدِّقَّةِ الطُّولَ والقِصَرَ. وإن شَرَطَ في القُطْنِ مَنْزُوعَ الحَبِّ، جَازَ. وإن أَطْلَق كان له بِحَبِّه، كالتَّمْرِ بِنَوَاهُ. ويَصِفُ الإِبْرِيسَمَ بالبَلَدِ واللَّوْنِ، والغِلَظِ والدِّقَّةِ، ويَصِفُ الصُّوفَ بالبَلَدِ واللَّوْنِ، والطُّولِ والقِصَرِ، والزَّمانِ، خَرِيفِيٍّ أو رَبِيعِيٍّ؛ لأنَّ صُوفَ الخَرِيفِ أَنْظَفُ. قال القاضي: ويَصِفُه بالذُّكُورِيَّةِ والأُنُوثِيَّةِ؛ لأنَّ صُوفَ الإِناثِ أَنْعَمُ. ويَحْتَمِلُ أن لا يَحْتاجَ إلى هذه الصِّفَةِ؛ لأنَّ التَّفاوُتَ في هذا يَسِيرٌ. وعليه تَسْلِيمُه نَقِيًّا من الشَّوْكِ والبَعْرِ، وإن لم يَشْتَرِطْهُ. وإن اشْتَرَطَه (٥٣)، جَازَ، وكان تَأْكِيدًا. والشَّعْرُ والوَبَرُ، كالصُّوفِ. ويَصِحُّ السَّلَمُ في الكاغَدِ؛ لأنَّه يمكنُ ضَبْطُه، ويَصِفُه بالطُّولِ والعَرْضِ، والدِّقَّةِ والغِلَظِ، واسْتِوَاءِ الصَّنْعَةِ، وما يَخْتَلِفُ به الثمنُ.

فصل: ويَضْبِطُ النُّحاسَ، والرَّصاصَ، والحَدِيدَ بالنَّوْعِ، فيقولُ في الرَّصَاصِ: قَلَعِيٌّ (٥٤) أو أُسْرُبٌ (٥٥). والنُّعُومَةِ والخُشُونَةِ، واللَّوْنِ إن كان

Notes

(٥١) السدى من الثوب أي: ما مُدَّ منه.(٥٢) اللحمة، بضم اللام: ما نسج عرضًا.(٥٣) في أ، م: "شرطه".(٥٤) قلعي: اسم معدن ينسب إليه الرصاص الجيد، وهو شديد البياض.(٥٥) الأسرب: الرصاص وهو فارسى معرب. المصباح المنير.

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