his emancipation to the end of Ramadan, and the right becomes due at its beginning, his pledge is valid, because it is possible to satisfy the debt from its price. If it is uncertain, such as the arrival of Zayd, the analogy of the school is the validity of his pledge, because he is currently a valid subject for a pledge, and it is possible that he will remain until the debt is satisfied from his price; therefore, his pledge is valid, like a sick person or a mudabbar. This is the school of Abu Hanifa—may Allah be pleased with him. It is also possible that his pledge is not valid because it involves gharar (uncertainty), as it is possible that he may be emancipated before the right becomes due. The followers of al-Shafi'i have a difference of opinion on this, similar to what we have mentioned.

Section: It is permissible to pledge a slave girl without her child, and to pledge her child without her, because the pledge does not terminate ownership, so no separation occurs thereby. Furthermore, it is possible to hand over the child with the mother and the mother with her child. If the need arises to sell her for the debt, her child is sold with her, because gathering them in the contract is possible, and separating them is forbidden, so it becomes mandatory to sell him with her. When they are sold together, the mortgagee's right therein attaches to the extent of the slave girl's value from the price. If her value is one hundred, despite being a mother of a child, and the child's value is fifty, her share is two-thirds of the price. If the mortgagee did not know about the child and then learned of it, he has the option of returning [the pledge] or keeping it, because the child is a defect in her, as it is impossible to sell her without him. If he keeps her, it is as if he knew at the time of the contract, and he has no claim other than her. If he returns her, he has the right to rescind the sale if it was stipulated in the contract.

Section: It is valid to pledge items that spoil quickly, whether they can be preserved by drying, such as grapes and fresh dates, or cannot be, such as watermelons and cooked food. If it is something that can be dried, it is the pledgor's duty to dry it, because this is part of the cost of its preservation and maintenance, so it is incumbent upon the pledgor, just like the provision for an animal. If it is something that cannot be dried, it is sold, and the debt is paid from its price if it is due, or it becomes due before it spoils. If it does not become due before it spoils, its price is made a pledge in its place, regardless of whether he stipulated its sale in the pledge or left it absolute. The followers of al-Shafi'i said: If it is something that will spoil before the debt is due, and the mortgagee stipulates to the pledgor that it be sold and its price be held in its place, it is valid. If he leaves it absolute, there are two opinions: one of them is that it is not valid, because selling the pledge before the right becomes due is not required by