The Book of Interdiction (Al-Hajr).

Interdiction (al-hajr), in the linguistic sense, means to prevent and to restrict. From this, the forbidden (haram) is called hijr. The Almighty said: "And they will say: 'A forbidden restriction'" (Surah Al-Furqan: 22), meaning something prohibited and restricted. The intellect is also called hijr. The Almighty said: "Is there in that an oath for a possessor of intellect (hijr)?" (Surah Al-Fajr: 5), meaning intellect. It is called hijr because it prevents its possessor from committing that which is ugly and whose consequences are harmful. In the Sharia, it is the prevention of a person from disposing of their wealth.

Interdiction is of two types: interdiction placed upon a person for the sake of one's own interest, and interdiction placed upon them for the sake of another's interest. [Interdiction placed upon them for the sake of another's interest] includes interdiction upon the bankrupt person for the sake of their creditors; upon a sick person regarding a charitable gift exceeding one-third of their estate, or a gift to an heir, for the sake of their heirs; and upon the mukatab (contracted slave) and the slave for the sake of their master. The pledger is also placed under interdiction regarding the pledged item for the sake of the pledgee. These all have chapters in which they are discussed. As for the one placed under interdiction for the sake of their own interest, they are three: the child, the insane person, and the spendthrift (safih). This chapter is specific to these three.

Interdiction placed upon them is [a general interdiction, because they] are prevented from disposing of their wealth and their liabilities. The basis for the interdiction upon them is the saying of the Almighty: "And do not give the spendthrifts your wealth, which Allah has made a means of support for you" (Surah An-Nisa: 5), and the verse that follows it. Sa'id ibn Jubayr and Ikrimah said: "It is the wealth of the orphan that is with you; do not give it to him, but spend upon him." The wealth is attributed to the guardians even though it belongs to others because they are its custodians and managers. His saying, the Almighty: "And test the orphans..." means, test them in their preservation of their wealth, "...until they reach marriageable age," meaning the age of maturity for men and women. "Then if you perceive among them soundness of judgment," meaning you see and know from them preservation of their wealth and goodness in the management of their livelihoods.