salt in sesame oil. Selling clarified butter for buttermilk is more appropriate for permissibility, because clarified butter is free from buttermilk. It is not permissible to sell butter for clarified butter, because in butter there is a small amount of milk, whereas there is nothing in clarified butter, so equality is disrupted. Furthermore, it is extracted from butter, so it is not permissible to sell it for it, like olives for olive oil. This is the school of al-Shafi'i. The Qadi said: In my view it is permissible, because the milk in butter is not intended, so its existence is as its non-existence, and for this reason it is permissible to sell it for buttermilk and for similar butter. This is incorrect, because equality is required between them, and the uniqueness of one of them by the presence of milk in it disrupts the equality; thus it is not permissible to sell it for it, like pitted dates for dates that contain pits. Also, one of them is unique by a moisture that is not found in the other, so it resembles moist dates for dry dates, and fresh grapes for raisins, and every moist item for a dry item of its same genus. It is not permissible to sell any of butter, clarified butter, or buttermilk for anything from types of milk, such as cheese, colostrum, and the like, because these types have had nothing extracted from them, so their ruling is the ruling of the milk that contains its butter, and it is not permissible to sell them, like selling milk for them. As for selling cheese for dried yogurt (aqit), it is not permissible while they are moist, or while one of them is moist, just as it is not permissible to sell moist dates for dried dates. If they are both dry, it is possible that it is also not permissible, because cheese is measured by weight and dried yogurt (aqit) is measured by volume, so it is not permissible to sell one for the other, like bread for flour. It is also possible that it is permissible if they are equal, like selling bread for bread.

713 - Issue: He said: (And it is not permissible to sell meat for an animal).

There is no disagreement in the school that it is not permissible to sell meat for an animal of its same genus. This is the school of Malik, al-Shafi'i, and the view of the seven jurists of Medina. It is narrated from Malik that it is not permissible to sell meat for an animal prepared for meat, but it is permissible for others. Abu Hanifah said: It is permissible absolutely, because he sold an object of usury (riba) for that which contains no usury, resembling selling meat for dirhams or for meat of a different genus. Our evidence is what was narrated that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) forbade selling meat for an animal. This was narrated by Malik in al-Muwatta'.