like currency exchange (sarf). The explicit text from Ahmad contradicts this, and because he has introduced into the partnership more than what the partner consented to participate in, it is not permissible, just as if he had added to it a thousand [dirhams] from his own wealth. It differs from currency exchange because that is a sale and the substitution of one physical asset for another; it is thus like selling clothes for dirhams. He does not have the right to make an admission (iqrar) regarding the partnership's wealth. If he does so, it is binding upon him, not his partner, whether he admits to a physical asset or a debt, because his partner only granted him permission for trade, and admission is not included within it. If he admits to a defect in a physical asset that he sold, his admission is accepted, just as an agent's admission against his principal regarding a defect is accepted. Ahmad stated this explicitly. Likewise, if he admits to the remainder of the price of the sold item, or all of it, or to the wages of the town crier, or the porter, and the like, it should be accepted, because this is among the appendages of trade; therefore, he has the authority to do so, just as he has the authority to hand over the sold item and pay its price. If the commodity is returned to him due to a defect, he may accept it. He may give the indemnity for the defect (arsh al-'ayb), or reduce the price, or defer the price due to the defect, because that may be more advantageous than returning it. If he reduces the price initially, or waives a debt owed to both of them by their debtor, it is binding upon him and void with respect to his partner, because it is a donation, and a donation is permissible with respect to one's own share, not his partner's. If they have a debt that is due, and one of them defers his share of the debt, it is permissible. Abu Yusuf and Muhammad held this view, while Abu Hanifa said: It is not permissible. Our proof is that he has waived his own right to demand payment, so it is valid for one of them to act independently in this, just like a release (ibra').

Section: Does either of them have the right to sell on credit (nasa')? This is subject to two narrations, based on the [discussions regarding] an agent and a mudarib. We shall mention that later. If he buys on credit while he has a similar [item] or currency of a different genus, or buys with something from fungible items (dhawat al-amthal) while he has a similar item, it is permissible, because when he buys with the same genus as what he has, he is paying from what is in his hands, so it does not lead to an increase in the partnership. If he does not have in his hand