if he claimed preemption against a person regarding a share he purchased, and the seller acknowledged the sale while the purchaser denied it, then the preemptor is entitled to the preemption according to the more correct of the two views. If the woman does not claim the validity of what the agent mentioned, then there is nothing binding upon him. It is possible that whoever absolved him of the guarantee also absolved him in this scenario, and whoever made it obligatory made it so in [the other scenario], so there would be no disagreement therein. And Allah knows best.
The sixth state is that they disagree regarding the nature of the agency, such as saying: "I appointed you to sell this slave." The agent says: "Nay, you appointed me to sell this slave girl." Or he says: "I appointed you to sell for two thousand." The agent says: "Nay, for one thousand." Or he says: "I appointed you to sell it for cash." The agent says: "Nay, on credit." Or he says: "I appointed you to buy a slave." The agent says: "Nay, a slave girl." Or he says: "I appointed you to buy for five." The agent says: "Nay, for ten." Al-Qadi said: "The word is that of the principal." This is the school of al-Shafi'i, the scholars of opinion (ashab al-ra'y), and Ibn al-Mundhir. Abu al-Khattab said: "If he says: 'I permitted you to sell for cash, and to buy for five,' and he says: 'Nay, you permitted me to sell on credit and to buy for ten,' then the word is that of the agent." Ahmad stated this in [the chapter of] al-mudarabah, because he is a trustee in the transaction, so his word is accepted regarding its nature, like the tailor if he says: "You permitted me to cut it into a qaba' (long robe)." And he says: "Nay, a qamis (shirt)." It was narrated from Malik that if the merchandise is found, the word is that of the principal, and if it is lost/no longer available, the word is that of the agent; because if it is lost, the guarantee becomes binding upon the agent, and the origin is its absence, contrary to when it is present. The first opinion is more correct for two reasons: First, they have disagreed on the agency which the agent claims, and the origin is its absence, so the word is that of the one who denies it, just as if the principal had not acknowledged his agency in anything else. Second, they have disagreed on the nature of the principal’s statement, so the word is that of the principal regarding the nature of his own speech, just as if the spouses disagreed on the nature of the divorce. Based on this, if he says: "I bought this slave girl for you with your permission."
(18) In the original: "asqata". (19) In the original: "hadhihi al-sura". (20) Omitted from: B. (21) In B: "yakhtalifan".
لو ادَّعَى شُفْعَةً على إِنْسانٍ في شِقْصٍ اشْتَرَاهُ، فأقَرَّ البائِعُ بالبَيْعِ، وأنْكَرَهُ المُشْتَرِى، فإنَّ الشَّفِيعَ يَسْتَحِقُّ الشُّفْعَةَ في أصَحِّ الوَجْهَيْنِ. وإن لم تَدَّعِ المَرْأَةُ صِحَّةَ ما ذَكَرَهُ الوَكِيلُ، فلا شىءَ عليه. ويَحْتَمِلُ أنَّ من أسْقَطَ عنه الضَّمَانَ أسْقَطَهُ (١٨) في هذه الصُّورَةِ، ومَن أَوْجَبَهُ أوْجَبَهُ في [الصُّورَةِ الأُخْرَى] (١٩)، فلا يكونُ فيها اخْتِلَافٌ. واللَّه أعلمُ.
الحال السادسة، أن يَخْتَلِفَا في صِفَةِ الوَكَالَةِ، فيقولَ: وَكَّلْتُكَ في بَيْعِ هذا العَبْدِ. قال: بل وَكَّلْتَنِى في بَيْعِ هذه الجاريَةِ. أو قال: وَكَّلْتُكَ في البَيْعِ بأَلْفَيْنِ. قال: بل بأَلْفٍ. أو قال: وَكَّلْتُكَ في بَيْعِه نَقْدًا. قال: بل نَسِيئَةً. أو قال: وَكَّلْتُكَ في شِرَاءِ عَبْدٍ. قال: بل في شِرَاءِ أَمَةٍ. أو قال: وَكَّلْتُكَ في الشِّرَاءِ بِخَمْسَةٍ. قال: بل بِعَشرَةٍ. فقال القاضي: القولُ قولُ المُوَكِّلِ. وهو مذهبُ الشَّافِعِىِّ، وأصْحَابِ الرَّأْىِ، وابنِ المُنْذِرِ. وقال أبو الخَطَّابِ: إذا قال: أَذِنْتُ لك في البَيْعِ نَقْدًا، وفى الشِّراءِ بخَمْسَةٍ. قال: بل أَذِنْتَ لي في البَيْعِ نَسِيئَةً، وفى الشِّرَاءِ بِعَشرَةٍ. فالقولُ قولُ الوَكِيلِ. نَصَّ عليه أحمدُ في المُضَارَبةِ؛ لأنَّه أَمِينٌ في التَّصَرُّفِ، فكان القولُ قولَه في صِفَتِه، كالخَيَّاطِ إذا قال: أَذِنْتَ لي في تَفْصِيلِه قَبَاءً. قال: بل قَمِيصًا. وحُكِىَ عن مالِكٍ، إن أُدْرِكَتِ السِّلْعةُ، فالقولُ قولُ المُوَكِّلِ، وإن فاتَتْ، فالقولُ قولُ الوَكِيلِ؛ لأنَّها إذا فاتَتْ لَزِمَ الوَكِيلَ (٢٠) الضَّمَانُ، والأَصْلُ عَدَمُه، بِخِلَافِ ما إذا كانت مَوْجُودَةً. والقولُ الأَوَّلُ أصَحُّ، لِوَجْهَيْنِ؛ أحدِهما، أنَّهما اخْتَلَفَا (٢١) في التَّوْكِيلِ الذي يَدَّعِيهِ الوَكِيلُ، والأَصْلُ عَدَمُهُ، فكان القولُ قولَ مَن يَنْفِيهِ، كما لو لم يُقِرَّ المُوَكِّلُ بِتَوْكِيلِه في غيرِه. والثانى، أنَّهما اخْتَلَفَا في صِفَةِ قولِ المُوَكِّلِ، فكان القولُ قولَه في صِفَةِ كَلَامِه، كما لو اخْتَلَفَ الزَّوْجانِ في صِفَةِ الطَّلَاقِ. فعلى هذا إذا قال: اشْتَرَيْتُ لك هذه الجارِيَةَ بإِذْنِكَ.
(١٨) في الأصل: "أسقط".(١٩) في الأصل: "هذه الصورة".(٢٠) سقط من: ب.(٢١) في ب: "يختلفان".