Section: If he says, "He has such-and-such upon me," there are three issues involved. First: He says "such-and-such" (kadha) without repetition or conjunction. Second: He repeats it without conjunction. Third: He uses a conjunction, saying "such-and-such and such-and-such." As for the first case, if he says: "He has such-and-such (kadha) dirhams upon me (33)," there are four possible states: First, that he says: "He has such-and-such dirham (dirhamun) upon me," in the nominative case; he is liable for one dirham. Its underlying structure is that something is a dirham, treating "dirham" as a substitute (badal) for "such-and-such." Second, that he says: "dirham (dirhamin)," in the genitive case; he is liable for a part of a dirham, and the recourse for its explanation is to him. The structure is "part of a dirham" or "a portion of a dirham," and "such-and-such" serves as an allusion to it. Third, that he says: "dirham (dirhaman)," in the accusative case; he is liable for one dirham, with the word being accusative as an explanation (tafsir), which is the specification (tamyiz). Some grammarians said: It is accusative by way of severance (qata'), as if he severed what he began with and admitted to a dirham. This is according to the view of the Kufan grammarians. Fourth, that he mentions it with a pause (waqf); his explanation of it as a part of a dirham is also accepted, because (34) it is permissible that he omitted the genitive vowel for the sake of the pause. This is the school of al-Shafi’i. Al-Qadi said: He is liable for one dirham in all these states. This is the view of some of the companions of al-Shafi’i. Our position is that "such-and-such" is an ambiguous term, so it is valid [to explain it as a part of a dirham in the state of the genitive and the pause.

The second issue: If he says: "Such-and-such, such-and-such," without conjunction, the ruling on it] (35) is identical to the ruling on "such-and-such" without repetition; the ruling does not change. Its repetition does not imply an increase, as if he said: "A thing, a thing (36)." Furthermore, when he says it in the genitive, it is possible that he added a part to a part, then added the other part to a dirham, so he said: "A half of a ninth of a dirham." This is the same if he says: "Such-and-such, such-and-such, such-and-such," because it is possible that he intended a third of a fifth of a seventh of a dirham, and the like.

The third issue: If he uses a conjunction, saying: "Such-and-such and such-and-such dirham (dirhamun)," in the nominative, he is liable for one dirham;