as well, because it is an acknowledgement from all the heirs. If the third one says: "The second (26) is not a brother to us," the Qadi said: "The lineage of the second is dropped," because the third is an heir who denies the lineage of the second, so it is similar to if his lineage had been established before the second. There is another view: his lineage and inheritance are not dropped, because his lineage was established by the statement of the first, [and his inheritance was established, so it is not dropped after its establishment] (27), and because he was acknowledged (28) by those who were all the heirs at the time of the acknowledgement, [and his inheritance was established, so it is not dropped after its establishment] (29), and because if the second had denied the third, his lineage would not be established, yet his lineage was established by his [the first's] acknowledgement, so it is not permissible for him to drop the lineage of one whose lineage is established by his statement, just like the first. Furthermore, that would lead to dropping the root through the branch by which it is established.
Section: If the son acknowledges his two brothers at once, and each one of them confirms the other, their lineage is established. If they deny each other, there are two views concerning them. One of them is that their lineage is not established; this is the school of al-Shafi'i, because each one of them was not acknowledged by all the heirs. The second is that their lineage is established, because for each one of them, the acknowledgement was found from one of established lineage who was all the heirs at the time of the acknowledgement, so the agreement of another is not considered, just as if they were two minors. If one of them confirms his companion (30) and the other does not, the lineage of the one agreed upon is established, and there are two views regarding the other. If they are twins, their lineage is established, and no attention is paid to the denial of one of them, regardless of whether they deny each other or one of them denies the other, because we know they are lying, for they do not differ. If the heir acknowledges the lineage of one of them, the lineage of the other is established, because they do not differ in lineage. If he acknowledges the lineage of two minors at once, their lineage is established, based on the view according to which the lineage of two adults denying each other is established. Is it established based on
(26) Omitted from the original. (27) Omitted from A and B. (28) Omitted from M. (29) Omitted from the original. In B: "his death" instead of "his establishment". (30) In the original: "with his companion".
أيضًا؛ لأنَّه إِقْرَارٌ من جَمِيعِ الوَرَثَةِ. فإن قال الثالِثُ: الثاني (٢٦) ليس بأخٍ لنا. فقال القاضي: يَسْقُطُ نَسَبُ الثاني؛ لأنَّ الثالِثَ وارِثٌ مُنْكِرٌ لِنَسَبِ الثانِى، فأَشْبَهَ ما لو كان نَسَبُه ثابِتًا قبلَ الثانِى. وفيه وَجْهٌ آخَر: لا يَسْقُطُ نَسَبُه ولا مِيرَاثُه؛ لأنَّ نَسَبَهُ ثَبَتَ بقولِ الأَوَّلِ، [وثَبَتَ مِيرَاثُه، فلا يَسْقُطُ بعدَ ثُبُوتِه] (٢٧)، ولأنَّه أقَرَّ به (٢٨) من هو كلُّ الوَرَثَة حين الإِقْرَارِ، [وثَبَتَ مِيرَاثُه فلا يَسْقُطُ بعد ثُبُوتِه] (٢٩)، ولأنَّ الثانىَ لو أنْكَرَ الثالِثَ، لم يَثْبُتْ نَسَبُه، وإنَّما ثَبَتَ نَسَبُه بإِقْرَارِه، فلا يجوزُ له إِسْقَاطُ نَسَبِ مَن يَثْبُتُ نَسَبُه بقَوْلِه، كالأَوَّلِ، ولأنَّ ذلك يُؤَدِّى إلى إِسْقَاطِ الأَصْلِ بالفَرْعِ الذي يَثْبُتُ به.
فصل: وإن أقَرَّ الابْنُ بأَخَوَيْهِ دَفْعَةً واحِدَةً، فصَدَّقَ كلُّ واحدٍ منهما صَاحِبه، ثَبَتَ نَسَبُهما. وإن تَكَاذَبا، ففيهما وَجْهانِ؛ أحدهما، لا يَثْبُتُ نَسَبُهما. وهو مذهبُ الشّافِعِىِّ؛ لأنَّ كلَّ واحدٍ منهما لم يُقِرَّ به كلُّ الوَرَثَةِ. والثانى، يَثْبُتُ نَسَبُهما؛ لأنَّ كلَّ واحدٍ منهما وُجِدَ الإِقْرَارُ به مِن ثَابِتِ النَّسَبِ، هو كلَّ الوَرَثَةِ حين الإِقْرَارِ، فلم تُعْتَبَرْ مُوَافَقَةُ غيرِه، كما لو كانا صَغِيرَيْنِ. فإن كان أحَدُهما يُصَدِّقُ صَاحِبَه (٣٠) دُونَ الآخَرِ، ثَبَتَ نَسَبُ المُتَّفَقِ عليه منهما، وفى الآخَرِ وَجْهَانِ. وإن كانا تَوْأَمَيْنِ، ثَبَتَ نَسَبُهما، ولم يُلْتَفَتْ إلى إنْكَارِ المُنْكِرِ منهما، سواءٌ تجَاحَدَا معًا، أو جَحَدَ أحَدُهُما صَاحِبَه؛ لأنَّنا نَعْلَمُ كَذِبَهما، فإنَّهما لا يَفْتَرِقَانِ. ولو أقَرَّ الوارِثُ بِنَسَبِ أحَدِهما، ثَبَتَ نَسَبُ الآخَرِ؛ لأنَّهما لا يَفْتَرِقَانِ في النَّسَبِ. وإن أقَرَّ بِنَسَبِ صَغِيرَيْنِ، دَفْعَةً واحِدَةً، ثَبَتَ نَسَبُهما، على الوَجْه الذي يَثْبُتُ فيه نَسَبُ الكَبِيرَيْنِ المُتَجَاحِدَيْنِ. وهل يَثْبُتُ على
(٢٦) سقط من: الأصل.(٢٧) سقط من: أ، ب.(٢٨) سقط من: م.(٢٩) سقط من: الأصل. وفى ب: "موته" مكان "ثبوته".(٣٠) في الأصل: "بصاحبه".