It intends thereby to permit each of the two racers to pay a wager, while lacking the meaning of the 'muhallil' in it, which is being in a state that potentially allows him to take the wagers of both. This indicates the invalidation of every ruse that is not intended for anything other than permitting what is forbidden, while lacking the underlying meaning for it. Our scholars have cited as evidence what was narrated by Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), that he said: "Do not commit what the Jews committed, so that you deem the prohibitions of Allah lawful by the slightest of ruses" (40). The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "May Allah curse the Jews; for when Allah forbade them their fat (41), they rendered it, then sold it, and consumed its price." Muttafaq 'alayh (agreed upon) (42). This is because Allah the Almighty blamed those who deceive Him with His saying, the Almighty: {They seek to deceive Allah and those who believe, while they deceive none but themselves, and they perceive [it] not} (43). Ruses are a form of deception, and Allah the Almighty transformed those who transgressed regarding the Sabbath into apes because of their ruse. It is narrated that they would set their nets on Friday, and some of them would dig pits and release water into them on Friday. When the fish came (44) on the Sabbath, they would fall into the nets and pits, so they would leave them until Sunday night, take them, and say, "We did not hunt anything on the Sabbath." Thus, Allah the Almighty transformed them due to their ruses (45). And He, the Almighty, said: {And We made it a deterrent to those [that were]}.
(40) Mentioned by Hafiz Ibn Kathir in the interpretation of Surah al-A'raf, verse 163. Tafsir Ibn Kathir 3/492. See Irwa' al-Ghalil 5/375. (41) In the original: "al-shuhum". (42) Its extraction was mentioned previously in: 6/321. Added to it: Extracted by al-Bukhari, in: Chapter on not melting the fat of a dead animal and not selling its grease, from the Book of Sales; and in: Chapter on His saying {And for those who are Jews We have forbidden...}, from the interpretation of Surah al-An'am, from the Book of Interpretation. Sahih al-Bukhari 3/107, 6/72. And al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter on the prohibition of benefiting from the fat of a dead animal, and Chapter on the prohibition of benefiting from what Allah the Almighty has forbidden, from the Book of Sales. al-Mujtaba 7/156, 157, 273. And Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on trade in wine, from the Book of Drinks. Sunan Ibn Majah 2/732, 1122. And al-Darimi, in: Chapter on the prohibition of wine and its purchase, from the Book of Drinks. Sunan al-Darimi 2/115. And Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 1/25, 247, 293, 322, 2/117, 362, 3/370, 4/227. (43) Surah al-Baqarah 9. (44) In the original: "kana". (45) In [B], [M]: "bi-hilatihim" (by their ruses).