It is permissible for a duration, a specific crop, or a described one, as we have mentioned regarding plowing. Whenever it is for a duration, it is necessary to know [the animal upon which he will work in order to know its strength or weakness. If it is for work not estimated by duration, he needs to know] the species of the animal, because the objective varies with it; for there is that whose excrement is pure, and that whose excrement is impure, and there is no need to know the specific animal. It is permissible to lease the animal with its equipment, without its equipment, with its owner, or separately from him, as we mentioned regarding plowing.
Section: It is permissible to lease a beast to operate a mill, and it requires two things: knowing the stone, either by observation or by a description through which its knowledge is obtained, because the animal's work varies with its weight and lightness, so its owner needs to know it. And estimating the work, either by time, so he says: a day or two days; or by the grain, so he says: a qafiz or two qafiz. He mentions the type of grain to be ground if it varies, because there is that which is easy to grind, and that which is difficult. Likewise, if he leases it to operate a waterwheel, it must be observed, and the waterwheel must be observed, due to their variation. This is estimated by time, or by the filling of this basin or this pond. Likewise, if he leases it for drawing water with a bucket, it must be known, because it varies by its size; it is estimated by time, by the number of bucketfuls, or by the filling of a pond or basin. It is not permissible to estimate this by the irrigation of land, because that varies; the land may be thirsty and not be irrigated by a little, or it may have been recently watered and a little suffices it, so that would be unknown. If he estimates it by the watering of livestock, it is possible that it is not permissible, for that reason. It is also possible that it is permissible, because their drinking is approximately the same in most cases. It is permissible to lease an animal to carry water on it, and it is necessary to know the equipment with which he will carry it, whether a waterskin, leather bags, or jars, and knowing that is either by sight or by description, and he estimates the work either by time or by the number of trips,
(17) Omitted from: B. (18) In the original and B: "it". (19) Omitted from: The original.
ويجوزُ على مُدَّةٍ أو زَرْعٍ مُعَيَّنٍ، أو مَوْصُوفٍ، كما ذَكَرْناه في الحَرْثِ. ومتى كان على مُدَّةٍ، احْتِيجَ إلى مَعْرِفَةِ [الحَيَوانِ الذي يَعْمَلُ عليه لِيَعْرِفَ قُوَّتَه أو ضَعْفَه، وإن كان على عَمَلٍ غير مُقَدَّرٍ بالمُدَّةِ احْتاجَ إلى مَعْرِفةِ] (١٧) جِنْسِ الحَيَوانِ؛ لأن الغَرَضَ يَخْتَلِفُ به، فمنه ما رَوْثُه طاهِرٌ، ومنه ما رَوْثُه (١٨) نَجِسٌ، ولا يَحْتاجُ إلى مَعْرِفةِ عَيْنِ الحَيَوانِ. ويجوزُ أن يَسْتَأْجِرَ الحَيَوانَ بآلَتِه، وبغيرِ آلَتِه، مع صاحِبِه، ومُنْفَرِدًا عنه. كما ذَكَرْنا في الحَرْثِ.
فصل: ويجوزُ اسْتِئْجارُ بَهِيمَةٍ لإِدَارَةِ الرَّحَى، ويَفْتَقِرُ إلى شَيْئَيْنِ؛ مَعْرِفَةِ الحَجَرِ، إمَّا بمُشَاهَدَةٍ، وإمَّا بصِفَةٍ تَحْصُلُ بها مَعْرِفَتُه؛ لأنَّ عَمَلَ البَهِيمَةِ يَخْتَلِفُ فيه بِثِقْلِه وخِفَّتِه، فيَحْتاجُ صَاحِبُها (١٩) إلى مَعْرِفَتِه. وتَقْدِيرِ العَمَلِ، إمَّا بالزَّمَانِ، فيقول: يومًا أو يَوْمَيْنِ. أو بالطَّعَامِ فيقول: قَفِيزًا أو قَفِيزَيْنِ. ويَذْكُرُ جِنْسَ المَطْحُونِ إن كان يَخْتَلِفُ؛ لأنَّ منه ما يَسْهُلُ طَحْنُه، ومنه ما يَصْعُبُ. وكذلك إن اكْتَرَاها لإِدَارَةِ دُولَابٍ، فلا بُدَّ من مُشَاهَدَتِه، ومُشَاهَدَةِ دُولَابِه، لِاخْتِلافِها، وتَقْدِيرُ ذلك بالزَّمَانِ، أو مَلْءِ هذا الحَوْضِ، أو هذه البِرْكَةِ. وكذلك إن اكْتَرَاها للاسْتِقَاءِ بالغَرْبِ، فلا بُدَّ من مَعْرِفَتِه؛ لأنَّه يَخْتَلِفُ بكِبَرِه وصِغَرِه، ويُقَدَّرُ بالزَّمَانِ، أو بِعَدَدِ الغُرُوبِ، أو بمَلْءِ بِرْكَةٍ أو حَوْضٍ. ولا يجوزُ تَقْدِيرُ ذلك بِسَقْىِ أرْضٍ؛ لأنَّ ذلك يَخْتَلِفُ، فقد تكونُ الأرْضُ عَطْشَانَةً لا يَرْوِيها القَلِيلُ، وتكونُ قَرِيبَةَ العَهْدِ بالماءِ فيَكْفِيها القَلِيلُ، فيكون ذلك مَجْهُولًا. وإن قَدَّرَه بِسَقْىِ ماشِيَةٍ، احْتَمَلَ أن لا يَجُوزَ؛ لذلك. ويَحْتَملُ أن يجوزَ؛ لأنَّ شُرْبَها يَتَقارَبُ في الغالِبِ. ويجوزُ اسْتِئْجارُ دابَّةٍ لِيَسْتَقِىَ عليها ماءً، ولا بُدَّ من مَعْرِفَةِ الآلةِ التي يَسْتَقِى بها، من رَاوِيةٍ، أو قِرَبٍ أو جِرَارٍ، ومَعْرِفةُ ذلك إمَّا بالرُّؤْيَةِ، وإمَّا بالصِّفَةِ، ويُقَدِّرُ العَمَلَ إمَّا بالزَّمَانِ، وإمَّا بعَدَدِ المَرَّاتِ،
(١٧) سقط من: ب.(١٨) في الأصل، ب: "هو".(١٩) سقط من: الأصل.