The first: When he endows [property] upon a people, their children, their descendants, and their offspring, the endowment is shared between the people, their children, and whoever arises from their descendants, by way of participation, if there is no accompanying indication necessitating a sequence. This is because the conjunctive particle 'wa' (and) necessitates participation; thus, when they coexist, they participate, and none is prioritized over the other. The latter shall participate with the former, even if he is from the tenth generation. When a fetus is conceived, he shall not participate until he is born, because it is possible he may not be a fetus, so the ruling of a child is not established for him before his birth.

Section: If he says: 'I have endowed [this] upon my children, then upon the poor,' or he says: 'Upon my child, then upon the poor,' or 'upon the child of so-and-so, then upon the poor,' it has been narrated from Ahmad that which indicates it is an endowment upon his children and his children's children, from the male descendants, as long as there is no indication diverting from that. Al-Marwudhi said: I said to Abu Abd Allah (Ahmad): 'What do you say regarding a man who endowed an estate upon his children, then the children died, and they left behind wives who were pregnant?' He replied: 'Everything that is of the male descendants, whether they were daughters or sons, the estate is endowed upon them. And whatever is of the children of the daughters, they have nothing in it because they belong to another man.' He also said regarding the one who endowed [property] upon the children of Ali ibn Ismail, and did not say: 'If the children of Ali ibn Ismail die, it shall be given to their children,' and then the children of Ali ibn Ismail died: It shall be given to his children also, because this [descendant] is of the children of Ali ibn Ismail. The reasoning for this is that Allah the Almighty said: 'Allah instructs you concerning your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females' (An-Nisa 11). Thus, the children of the sons are included in it, even if they are in the lower generations. And when He said: 'And for his parents, to each one of them is a sixth of what he left if he had a child' (An-Nisa 11), it included the children of the sons. Likewise, in every place where Allah the Almighty mentioned the 'child' (walad), the children of the sons are included. Therefore, the absolute statement of a human, when devoid of an indication, ought to be interpreted according to the absolute statement of Allah the Almighty and interpreted by what He is interpreted by. And because the child of his child is his child.