If each of them earned the equivalent of his value, freedom would be completed in the first slave; thus, a portion of him is emancipated, he has a portion of his earnings, and the heirs have two portions. The two slaves and their earnings are divided into the four portions, so each portion is worth fifteen; thus, a portion of him is emancipated, equal to that—which is three-fourths of him—he has three-fourths of his earnings, and the remainder belongs to them. If he began by emancipating the one of lower value, the whole of him is emancipated, and he takes his earnings. The heirs become entitled to the equivalent of two portions of the slave who was emancipated from the other slave and his earnings, which is half of him and half of his earnings. Half of him and half of his earnings remain between them in two halves; thus, a quarter of him is emancipated, he has a quarter of his earnings, three-quarters of him remain in bondage, and three-quarters of his earnings follow him. This is twice the amount that was emancipated of the two. If he emancipated the two slaves at once, we draw lots between them; whoever draws the lot of freedom, his ruling is as it would be if he had started by emancipating him.
Section: If he emancipated three slaves of equal value, and he has a debt equal to the value of one of them, and one of them earned the equivalent of his value, we draw lots between them to extract the debt. If it falls upon the one who did not earn, he is sold for the debt, then we draw lots between the one who earned and the other for the sake of freedom. If it falls upon the one who did not earn, the whole of him is emancipated, and the one who earned and his wealth belong to the heirs. If the lot of freedom falls upon the one who earned, three-fourths of him is emancipated, he has three-fourths of his earnings, and the remainder of him, the remainder of his earnings, and the other slave belong to the heirs, as we stated regarding the case where the master has wealth equal to his value. If the lot of debt falls initially upon the one who earned, we would pay the debt with half of him and half of his earnings, then we would draw lots between the remainder of him and the other two slaves regarding freedom. If it falls upon someone other than him, the whole of him is emancipated, and the heirs have what remains. If it falls upon the one who earned, the remainder of him is emancipated, he takes the remainder of his earnings, then we draw lots between the two slaves to complete the third; whoever the lot falls upon, one-third of him is emancipated, two-thirds remain, and the other slave is
(13) In M: "mithl". (14) In M: "u'tiqa". (15) Omitted from M.
فكَسَبَ كلُّ واحِدٍ منهما مثلَ قِيمَتِه، لَكَمَلَتِ الحُرّيَّةُ في العَبْدِ الأوَّلِ، فيَعْتِقُ منه شيءٌ. وله من كَسْبِه شيءٌ، ولِلوَرَثَةِ شَيْئان، ويُقْسَمُ العَبْدانِ وكَسْبُهُما على الأشْياءِ الأرْبَعةِ، فيكونُ لكلِّ شيءٍ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ، فيَعْتِقُ منه بِقَدْرِ ذلك، وهو ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِه، وله ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِ كَسْبِه، والباقِى لهم. وإن بدأَ بِعِتْقِ الأَدْنَى عَتَقَ كلُّه، وأخَذَ كَسْبَه، ويَسْتَحِقُّ الوَرَثةُ من العَبْدِ الآخَر وكَسْبِه مِثْلَىِ العَبْدِ الذي عَتَقَ، وهو نِصْفُه ونِصْفُ كَسْبِه، ويَبْقَى نِصْفُه ونِصْفُ كَسْبِه بينهما نِصْفَيْنِ، فيَعْتِقُ رُبْعُه، وله رُبْعُ كَسْبِه، ويَرِقُّ ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِه، ويَتْبَعُه ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِ كَسْبِه، وذلك مِثْلَا (١٣) ما انْعَتَقَ (١٤) منهما. وإن أعْتَقَ العَبْدَيْنِ دفْعةً واحِدَةً، قَرَعْنا بينهما, فمن خَرَجَتْ له قُرْعَةُ الحُرِّيَّةِ، فحُكْمُه كما لو بَدَأَ بإعْتَاقِه.
فصل: وإن أعْتَقَ ثَلَاثةَ أَعْبُدٍ، قِيمَتُهُم سَواءٌ، وعليه دَيْنٌ بِقَدْرِ قِيمةِ أحَدِهم، وكَسَبَ أحَدُهم مثلَ قِيمَتِه، أقْرَعْنا بينهم لإِخْرَاجِ الدَّيْنِ، فإن وَقَعَتْ على غير المُكْتَسِبِ [بِيعَ في الدَّيْنِ، ثم أقْرَعْنَا بينَ المُكْتَسِبِ والآخَرِ، لأجْلِ الحُرِّيَّةِ، فإن وقعتْ على غيرِ المُكْتَسِبِ] (١٥) عَتَقَ كلُّه، والمُكْتَسِبُ ومالُه لِلْوَرَثةِ، وإن وَقَعَتْ قُرْعَةُ الحُرِّيَّةِ على المُكْتَسِبِ، عَتَقَ منه ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِه، وله ثَلَاثةُ أرْباعِ كَسْبِه، وباقِيه وباقِى كَسْبِه والعَبْدُ الآخَرُ لِلْوَرَثَةِ، كما قُلْنَا فيما إذا كان لِلسَّيِّدِ مالٌ بِقَدْرِ قِيمَتِه. ولو وَقَعَتْ قُرْعَةُ الدَّيْنِ ابْتِداءً على المُكْتَسِبِ، لَقَضَيْنَا الدَّيْنَ بِنِصْفِه ونِصْفِ كَسْبِه، ثم أقْرَعْنا بين باقِيه وبين العَبْدَيْنِ الآخَرَيْنِ في الحُرِّيَّةِ، فإن وَقَعَتْ على غيرِه عَتَقَ كلُّه، ولِلْوَرَثةِ ما بَقِىَ، وإن وَقَعَتْ على المُكْتَسِبِ، عَتَقَ باقِيه، وأخَذَ باقِى كَسْبِه، ثم نُقْرِعُ بين العَبْدَيْنِ لإِتْمامِ الثُّلُثِ، فمَن وَقَعَتْ عليه القُرْعةُ، عَتَقَ ثُلُثُه، وبَقِىَ ثُلُثَاه، والعَبْدُ الآخَرُ
(١٣) في م: "مثل".(١٤) في م: "أعتق".(١٥) سقط من: م.