the child is disavowed from him, his agnation from the direction of the one who performed the li'an is severed, so neither he nor any of his agnates inherit from him; his mother and the possessors of fixed shares inherit their shares from him, and the inheritance between the spouses is severed. We are not aware of any disagreement among the people of knowledge regarding this sum. As for if one of them dies before the completion of the li'an, the two of them inherit from one another according to the view of the majority. Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah be pleased with him, said: If the husband completes his li'an, they do not inherit from each other. Malik said: If the husband dies after his li'an, and the woman performs the li'an, she does not inherit, and she is not subject to the hadd punishment; but if she does not perform the li'an, she inherits, and she is subject to the hadd punishment. If she dies after the husband's li'an, he inherits from her, according to the view of all of them, except Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah be pleased with him. If the li'an between them is completed, and one of them dies before the ruler separates them, there are two narrations regarding this. One of them is that they do not inherit from one another; this is the view of Malik, Zufar, and it is narrated similarly from Az-Zuhri, Rabi'ah, Al-Awza'i, and Dawud; because li'an necessitates eternal prohibition, so the separation between them is not considered in the attainment of the separation, just like breastfeeding. The second narration is that they inherit from one another as long as the ruler does not separate them. This is the view of Abu Hanifah and his two companions; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) separated between the two who performed li'an, and if the separation had occurred by the li'an itself, there would have been no need for his separation. If the ruler separates them before the completion of the li'an, the separation does not take place, and the inheritance is not severed, according to the view of the majority. Abu Hanifah and his two companions said: If he separates them after they have performed the li'an three times, the separation takes place and the inheritance is severed, because the majority of the li'an was found from them; if he separates them before that, the separation does not take place, and the inheritance is not severed. To us, it is a separation before the completion of the li'an, so it resembles a separation before the three [testimonies]. This disagreement is regarding the inheritance of the spouses. As for the child, the correct view is that he is disavowed from the one who performed the li'an once the li'an between them is completed, without considering the separation of the ruler; because his disavowal is by his act of denial, not by the ruler's statement: "I have separated between you." If he does not mention the child in the li'an, he is not disavowed from the one who performed the li'an, and the inheritance between them is not severed. Abu Bakr said: He is disavowed by the disappearance of the marital bed (firash), even if he does not mention him; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) disavowed the child from the one who performed the li'an,
(1) In MS M: "kammala". (2) Omitted from: M. (3) In MS M: "khilaf".
ولدُها عنهُ، وانقطَعَ تعْصيبُهُ من جِهَةِ المُلاعِنِ، فلم يَرِثْهُ هو ولا أحَدٌ من عَصَباتِهِ، وترِثُ أُمُّهُ وذَوْو الفُروضِ منه فُروضَهم، وينْقَطِعُ التوارُثُ بَيْنَ الزَّوْجَيْنِ، لا نَعْلمُ بَيْنَ أهلِ العلمِ في هذِه الجملةِ خلافًا. وأمَّا إن ماتَ أحدُهم قبلَ تَمام اللِّعانِ من الزَّوْجَيْنِ، ورِثَهُ الآخرانِ في قولِ الجمهورِ. وقالَ الشَّافِعِىُّ، رضِىَ اللهُ عنهُ: إذا أكْمَلَ (١) الزوجُ لِعانَهُ لم يتوَارَثا. وقال مالِكٌ: إن ماتَ الزوجُ بعدَ لِعانِهِ، فإن لاعَنَتِ المرأةُ لم تَرِثْ، ولم تُحَدَّ، وإن لم تُلاعِنْ، ورِثَتْ، وحُدَّتْ. وإن ماتَتْ هي بعد لِعَانِ الزَّوْجِ، ورِثَها في قولِ جميعِهم، إلَّا الشَّافِعِىَّ رضِىَ اللهُ عنهُ. وإن تَمَّ اللِّعانُ بَيْنَهما، فماتَ أحدُهما قبلَ تفريقِ الحاكِمِ بَيْنَهما، ففيهِ رِوايتانِ؛ إحْداهما، لا يتوارَثانِ، وهو قولُ مالكٍ، وزُفَرَ، ورُوِىَ نحوُ ذلك عن الزُّهْرِىِّ، ورَبِيعَةَ، والأَوْزَاعِىِّ، وداودَ؛ لأنَّ اللِّعانَ يقْتَضِى التَّحْريمَ المؤبَّدَ، فلم يُعْتَبَرْ في حصولِ الفُرْقَةِ به التفريقُ بينهما (٢)، كالرِّضاعِ. والرِّوايةُ الثانيةُ، يتوارَثانِ ما لم يُفَرِّقِ الحاكمُ بَيْنَهما. وهو قولُ أبى حَنيفَةَ، وصاحبَيْهِ؛ لأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- فرَّقَ بين المُتَلاعِنَيْنِ، ولو حصَلَ التفريقُ باللِّعانِ لم يُحْتَجْ إلى تَفْريقِهِ. وإن فَرَّقَ الحاكِمُ بَيْنَهما قبلَ تمامِ اللِّعانِ، لم تقَعِ الفُرْقَةُ، ولم ينْقَطِعِ التوارُثُ في قولِ الجمهورِ. وقال أبو حنيفَةَ وصاحِباهُ: إن فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهما بعدَ أن تلاعَنا ثلاثًا، وقعَتِ الفُرْقَةُ، وانْقَطَعَ التَّوارُثُ؛ لأنَّه وُجِدَ منهما مُعْظَمُ اللِّعانِ، وإن فرَّقَ بَيْنَهما قبلَ ذلك، لم تَقَعِ الفُرْقَةُ، ولم ينْقَطِعِ التَّوارُثُ. ولَنا، أنَّه تفريقٌ قبلَ تَمامِ اللِّعانِ، فأشبَهَ التفريقَ قبلَ الثلاثِ. وهذا الخِلافُ (٣) في توارُثِ الزَّوجَيْنِ. فأمَّا الولدُ، فالصَّحيحُ أنَّه يَنْتَفِى عن المُلَاعِنِ إذا تمَّ اللِّعانُ بَيْنَهما من غيرِ اعتبارِ تفريقِ الحاكِمِ؛ لأنَّ انتفاءَهُ بنَفْيهِ، لا بِقْولِ الحاكِمِ: فرَّقْتُ بَيْنَكما، فإن لم يذكُرْهُ في اللِّعانِ لم ينْتَفِ عن المُلاعِنِ، ولم ينْقَطِعِ التَّوارُثُ بَيْنَهما. وقالَ أبو بكرٍ: ينْتَفِى بزوالِ الفِراشِ، وإن لم يذكُرْهُ؛ لأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- نفَى الوَلَدَ عن المُلاعِنِ،
(١) في م: "كمل".(٢) سقط من: م.(٣) في م: "خلاف".