And he does not require the permission of her female client, because she has no guardianship and no ownership, so she is like the relative of a child when he marries off a distant relative.
Section: If an enslaved woman has a master, he is her guardian. If she has two masters, the guardianship belongs to both of them, and neither of them has the right to act independently in the guardianship without the permission of the other, because he only owns half of her. If they disagree, the ruler does not have the right to act on their behalf, because marrying her off is a disposal of property, unlike a free woman, for her marriage is her right and its benefit returns to her, whereas the marriage of an enslaved woman is the right of her master and its benefit returns to him, so the ruler does not act on his behalf in that matter. If they both free her and she has an agnate relative, he is more entitled to the guardianship than them. If she does not have an agnate, then they are her two guardians, and neither of them acts independently in the marriage, because his guardianship is over half of her. If they disagree, the judge acts in the place of whichever one of them refuses, because she has become free and her marriage has become her own right. If the manumitter (male or female) is one person, but has two agnates of the same degree, such as two sons or two brothers, then one of them has the right to act independently in marrying her off, just as he has the right to marry off their mistress.
1112 - Issue: He said: "And whoever wishes to marry a woman for whom he is the guardian, he delegates her affair to a man who will marry her to him with her permission."
The gist of this is that the guardian of a woman for whom it is permissible for him to marry—such as a paternal cousin, a manumitter, the ruler, or the sultan—if she gives him permission to marry her, he may do so.
(9) In the margin of A: "Sheikh Muhiy al-Din mentioned in Al-Bulgha that the correct view regarding the freedwoman is that she also gives permission, contrary to what the Sheikh reported here; meaning regarding the permission of the manumitter (al-mu'tiq) with a kasra under the qaf." Perhaps the correct reading is "with a kasra under the ta". (10) The waw (and) is missing from the original and A. (11) In M: "the ruler is established with guardianship". (12) In M: "he freed her". (13) In M, an addition: "before the judge". (14) In B, M: "because they are". (15) In A, B, M: "agnates". (1) Omitted from M.
ولا يَفْتَقِرُ إلى إذْنِ مَوْلاتِها؛ لأنَّها لا وِلايةَ لها ولا مِلْك، فأشْبَهتْ قَرِيبَ الطِّفْلِ إذا زَوَّجَ البَعِيدَ (٩).
فصل: وإذا كان للأمَةِ مَوْلًى، فهو وَلِيُّها، وإن كان لها مَوْليانِ، فالوِلايةُ لهما، وليس لواحدٍ منهما الاسْتِقْلالُ بالوِلايةِ بغيرِ إذْنِ صاحِبِه؛ لأنَّه لا يَمْلِكُ إلَّا نِصْفُها. وإن اشْتَجَرَا لم يكُنْ للسلطانِ أن يَنُوبَ عنهما؛ لأنْ تَزْوِيجَها تَصَرُّفٌ فى المالِ، بخلافِ الحُرَّةِ، فإنَّ نِكاحَها حَقٌّ لها، ونَفْعَهُ عائِدٌ إليها، ونكاحُ الأمَةِ حقٌّ لسَيِّدِها، ونَفْعُه (١٠) عائدٌ إليه، فلم [يَنُبِ السُّلْطانُ] (١١) عنه فيه. فإن أعْتَقاهَا (١٢) ولها عَصَبةٌ مُناسِبٌ، فهو أوْلَى منهما، وإن لم يكُنْ لها عَصَبةٌ، فهما وَلِيَّاها، ولا يَسْتَقِلُّ أحدُهُما بالتَّزْويج؛ لأنَّ وِلايَتَه على نِصْفِها. فإن اشْتَجَرا (١٣) أقام الحاكمُ مُقامَ المُمْتَنعِ منهما؛ لأنَّها (١٤) صارت حُرَّةً، وصار نِكاحُها حَقًّا لها. وإن كان المُعْتِقُ أو المُعْتِقةُ واحدًا، وله عَصَبتَان (١٥) فى دَرَجةٍ واحدةٍ، كالابْنيْنِ أو الأخَوَينِ، فلأحَدِهِما الاسْتِقْلالُ بتَزْوِيجِها، كما يَمْلِكُ تزوِيجَ سَيِّدَتِها.
١١١٢ - مسألة؛ قال: (ومَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَزَوّجَ امْرَأَةٌ هُوَ وَلِيُّها، جَعَلَ أمْرَهَا إلَى رَجُلٍ يُزَوِّجُهَا مِنْهُ بِإذْنِهَا (١))
وجملتُه أَنَّ وَلِىَّ المرأةِ التى يَحِلُّ له نِكاحُها، وهو ابنُ العَمِّ، أو المَوْلَى أو الحاكمُ، أو
(٩) فى حاشية أ: "وذكر الشيخ محيى الدين، فى البلغة، أن الصحيح فى المعتقة أنها تستأذن أيضًا، خلافا لما نقله الشيخ هنا. أعنى فى إذن المعتق بكسر القاف". ولعل الصواب "بكسر التاء".(١٠) سقطت الواو من: الأصل، أ.(١١) فى م: "يثبت للسلطان ولاية".(١٢) فى م: "أعتقها".(١٣) فى م زيادة: "أمام الحاكم".(١٤) فى ب، م: "لأنهما".(١٥) فى أ، ب، م: "عصبات".(١) سقط من: م.