or a father, or two sisters from a mother and an agnate. A woman and two brothers from a mother and seven brothers from a father. The 'awl: a husband, two daughters, and a mother; it 'awls to thirteen. A woman and three sisters from different sides. A husband, parents, and two daughters; it 'awls to fifteen. A woman and two sisters from a father and two sisters from a mother. A woman, a mother, and six sisters from different sides; it 'awls to seventeen. Three women, two grandmothers, four sisters from a mother, and eight from a father; it 'awls to seventeen, and one share is valid for each one of them. This is called 'The Mother of Widows,' and it is used for brain-teasers (mu'ayah); it is said: seventeen women from different sides shared the property of a deceased equally, with each woman receiving one share. This is it, and this origin does not 'awl to more than this. It is impossible for this origin to be completed by shares without an agnate or 'awl, and it is impossible for it to 'awl except to odd numbers, because it contains a share that is distinct from its other shares, which is the quarter, for it is three and it is odd, while its other shares are even: the sixth is two, the third is four, the two-thirds are eight, and the half is six. Whenever it 'awls to seventeen, the deceased in it must be a man.
1011 - Issue: He said: "And whatever contains an eighth and a sixth, or an eighth and two sixths, or an eighth and two-thirds, its origin is from twenty-four, and it 'awls to twenty-seven, and it does not 'awl to more than that."
It is only so because you multiply the denominator of the eighth by the denominator of the two-thirds, or by the agreement of the denominator of the sixth, so it becomes twenty-four. We did not say: "and a third"; because the third does not combine with the eighth, as it is only for the wife with the child, and the third does not exist in an issue that has a child, because it is only for the child of the mother, and the child excludes them, or for the mother on the condition of the absence of a child. Examples of this are: a woman, parents, and a son [or two sons], or sons and daughters. A woman, two daughters, a mother, and an agnate. Three women, four grandmothers, sixteen daughters, and a sister. A woman, a son's daughter, and a grandmother,
(2) Al-Mu'ayah: A type of riddle by which a person's inability (to answer) is demonstrated. (1) In A: "for it is". (2) In M: "for a mother". (3) Omitted from: Al-Asl, A.
لِأَبٍ أو أُخْتَانِ لِأُمٍّ وَعَصَبَةٌ. امرأةٌ وأخَوانِ لأمٍّ وَسَبْعَةُ إِخْوة لِأَبٍ. العَوْلُ زَوْجٌ وابنتانِ وأمٌّ، تعولُ إلى ثلاثةَ عَشَرَ. امْرَأَةٌ وثلاثُ أَخَوَاتٍ مُفْتَرِقَات. زَوْجٌ وَأبَوَان وابْنَتَانِ. تعولُ إِلى خمسةَ عَشَرَ. امرأةٌ وأُختانِ من أَبٍ وأخْتانِ منْ أُمٍّ. امْرَأَةٌ وَأُمٌّ وسِتُّ أخواتٍ مُفْتَرِقَاتٍ. تَعُولُ إلى سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ. ثلاثُ نِسْوَةٍ وجَدَّتَانِ وأَرْبَعُ أخواتٍ لأُمٍّ وثمانٍ لِأَبٍ. تَعُولُ إِلى سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ، ويَصِحُّ لِكُلِّ واحِدَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ سَهْمٌ، وتُسَمَّى أُمَّ الأرَامِلِ، ويُعَايَى (٢) بها، فيقال: سبعَ عَشْرَةَ امرأةً من جِهَاتٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ، اقْتَسَمْنَ مالَ مَيِّتٍ بالسَّوِيَّةِ لِكُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ سَهْمٌ. وهى هذه، ولا يَعُولُ هذا الأصلُ إِلَى أَكْثَرَ من هذا، ولا يُمْكِنُ أن يُكَمَّلَ هذا الأصْلُ بفُروضٍ مِن غيرِ عَصَبَةٍ ولا عَوْلٍ، ولا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ تَعُولَ إِلَّا عَلى الأفْرادِ؛ لأنَّ فيها فَرْضًا يُباينُ سائرَ فُروضِها، وهو الرُّبْعُ، فإنَّهُ ثلاثةٌ وهى فردٌ، وسائِرُ فُرُوضِها يكونُ زَوْجًا، فالسُّدُسُ اثْنان، والثلثُ أَرْبَعَةٌ، والثُّلُثَان ثمانيةٌ، والنِّصْفُ سِتَةٌ. ومتى عَالَتْ إلى سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ، لم يَكُن الميِّتُ فيها إِلَّا رَجُلًا.
١٠١١ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَمَا كَانَ فِيهِ ثُمُنٌ وسُدُسٌ، أَوْ ثُمُنٌ وَسُدُسَانِ، أَوْ ثُمُنٌ وَثُلُثَانِ، فَأَصْلُهَا مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ، وَتَعُولُ إلَى سَبْعَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ، وَلَا تَعُولُ إِلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ)
إِنَّمَا كان كذلك؛ لِأَنَّكَ تَضْرِبُ مَخْرَجَ الثُّمُنِ فِي مَخْرَجِ الثُّلُثَيْنِ، أوْ في وَفْقِ مَخْرَجِ السُّدُسِ، فيكونُ أَرْبَعَةً وَعِشْرِينَ، وَلَم نَقُلْ: وَثُلُثٌ؛ لِأَنَّ الثُّلُثَ لَا يَجْتَمِعُ مع الثُّمُنِ، فإِنَّهُ لا يكونُ إِلَّا لِلزَّوْجَةِ مع الْوَلَدِ، ولا يَكونُ الثُّلُثُ في مَسْأَلَةٍ فيها وَلَدٌ؛ لأنَّهُ (١) لا يَكُونُ إِلَّا لِوَلدِ الْأُمِّ، وَالْوَلَدُ يُسْقِطُهم، أو لِلْأُمِّ (٢) بشَرْطِ عَدَمِ الْوَلَدِ. ومَسائِلُ ذلك: امْرَأَةٌ وَأَبَوَانِ وابْنٌ [أو ابْنَانِ] (٣)، أو بَنُونَ وبَنَاتٌ. امْرَأَةٌ وَابْنَتَانِ وأُمٌ وعَصَبَةٌ. ثلاثُ نِسْوَةٍ وَأَرْبَعُ جَدَّاتٍ وسِتَّ عَشَرَةَ بِنْتًا وأُخْتٌ. امْرَأَةٌ وبِنْتُ ابْنٍ وجَدَّةٌ،
(٢) المعاياة: نوع من الإلغاز، يظهر به عِىُّ المرء.(١) في أ: "فإنه".(٢) في م: "لأم".(٣) سقط من: الأصل، أ.