ShamelaTranslate
Search
Sign in
ShamelaTranslate

© 2026 ShamelaTranslate. Scholarly Open-Access Project.

AboutContactDonateImprintPrivacyTermsRight of WithdrawalCancel a subscription
Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 9 · Page 42Section

Translation · EN

the issue, it becomes one hundred and eight, from which it becomes correct.

Section: If the fractional remainder involves three groups, you examine them. If they are identical—such as three grandmothers, three daughters, and three paternal uncles—you multiply one of them by the issue, and the result is that from which the issue becomes correct; each individual among them, after the correction, receives the same as their group previously had. If they are proportional—such as two grandmothers, five daughters, and ten paternal uncles—you rely on the largest of them, which is the ten, and multiply it by the issue, resulting in sixty, from which it becomes correct. If they are disparate—such as if the paternal uncles in this issue were three—you multiply one by the other, resulting in thirty, then multiply it by the issue, resulting in one hundred and eighty. If they are concordant—such as six grandmothers, nine daughters, and fifteen paternal uncles—you multiply the concordant part of one of them by the entirety of the other; then, for the result, you find the concordance between it and the third, and multiply its concordant part by the entirety of the third, [then multiply what you have by the origin of the issue], and the result is that from which it becomes correct. If two of them are identical and the third is disparate or concordant to them, you multiply one of the identical numbers by the entirety of the third, or by its concordant part if it is concordant; then you multiply the result by the issue. If two are proportional and the third is disparate to them, you multiply the larger of the two by the entirety of the third, or by its concordant part if it is concordant, then by the issue. If two are concordant and the third is disparate to them, you multiply the concordant part of one of them by the entirety of the other, then by the third. If two are disparate and the third is concordant to them—such as four paternal uncles, six grandmothers, and nine daughters—it suffices for you to multiply one of the disparate numbers by the other, then multiply it by the issue. This is called the "restricted stop" (al-mawqūf al-muqayyad), because if you wanted to stop one of them, only the six would stop. If you were to stop something else, such as stopping the nine and reducing the six to two, they would enter into the four, and it would suffice for you to multiply the four by the nine. If you stopped the four, you would reduce the six to three, which would enter into the nine, and it would suffice for you to multiply the four by the nine. As for if the three numbers are concordant, it is called the "absolute stop" (al-mawqūf al-muṭlaq), and there are two methods for calculating it: one is what we mentioned before, which is the method of the Kufans, and the second is the method of...

Notes

(6) Omitted from: the original, A. (7) In M: "they entered".

Arabic (Source)

الْمَسْأَلَةِ، تَكُنْ مِائَةً وَثَمَانِيَةً، ومِنها تَصِحُّ.

فصل: وإنْ كان الْكَسْرُ على ثلاثةِ أحْيَازٍ، نَظَرْتَ، فإِنْ كانتْ مُتَمَاثِلَةً، كثلاثِ جَدَّاتٍ وثلاثِ بَنَاتٍ وثلاثةِ أَعْمَامٍ، ضَرَبْتَ أَحَدَها في الْمَسْأَلَةِ، فما بلَغَ فمنه تَصِحُّ الْمَسْأَلَةُ، ولِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ منهم بَعْدَ التَّصْحِيحِ مِثلُ ما كان لِجَمَاعَتِهم. وإنْ كانتْ مْتَنَاسِبَةً، كجَدَّتَيْنِ وخَمْسِ بَنَاتٍ وعَشْرَةِ أَعَمَامٍ، اجْتَزَأْتَ بِأَكْثَرِهَا، وهى الْعَشْرَةُ، فضَرَبْتَهَا فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ، تَكُنْ سِتِّينَ، ومنها تَصِحُّ. وإنْ كانَتْ مُتَبَايِنَةً، مِثْلَ أَنْ يكونَ الْأَعْمَامُ في هذه الْمَسْأَلَةِ ثلاثةً، ضَرَبْتَ بَعْضَهَا في بَعْضٍ، تكُنْ ثلاثِينَ، ثم ضَربْتَهَا في الْمَسْأَلَةِ، تَكُنْ مِائَةً وَثَمَانِينَ. وإن كانتْ مُتَوَافِقَةً، كَسِتِّ جَدَّاتٍ وتِسْعِ بَنَاتٍ وخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ عَمًّا، ضَرَبْتَ وَفْقَ عَدَدٍ منها في جَمِيعِ الْآخَرِ، فَما بَلَغ وَافَقْتَ بَيْنَهُ وبَيْنَ الثَّالِثِ، وضَرَبْتَ وَفْقَهُ فِي جَمِيعِ الثَّالِثِ، [ثم اضْرِبْ ما معك في أصْلِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ] (٦)، فما بَلَغَ فمنه تَصِحُّ. وَإِنْ تَمَاثَلَ اثْنَانِ منها وَبايَنَهُما الثَّالِثُ، أو وَافَقَهُما، ضَربْتَ أَحَدَ الْمُتَمَاثِلَيْن فِي جَمِيعِ الثَّالِثِ، أو في وَفْقِهِ إنْ كان مُوَافِقًا، فَمَا بَلَغَ ضَربْتَهُ في الْمَسْألةِ وإن تَنَاسَبَ اثْنَانِ، وبايَنَهُما الثَّالِثُ، ضَرَبْتَ أَكْثرَهما في جَمِيعِ الثَّالِثِ، أو في وَفْقِهِ إِنْ كان مُوَافِقًا، ثم في الْمَسْأَلَةِ، وإِنْ تَوَافَقَ اثْنَانِ، وبايَنَهُما الثَّالِثُ، ضَرَبْتَ وَفْقَ أحَدِهما في جَمِيعِ الآخَرِ، ثم في الثَّالِثِ، وإنْ تَبَايَنَ اثْنَانِ، ووَافَقَهما الثَّالِثُ، كأرْبَعَةِ أَعْمَامٍ، وسِتِّ جَدَّاتٍ، وتِسْعِ بَنَاتٍ، أجْزَأَكَ ضَرْبُ أحَدِ الْمُتَبَايِنَيْنِ في الآخرِ، ثم تَضْرِبُهُ في الْمَسْألةِ، ويُسَمَّى هذا الْمَوْقُوفَ المُقَيَّدَ؛ لأَنَّكَ إذا أَرَدتَ وَقْفَ أَحَدِهما، لَمْ يَقِفْ إِلَّا السِّتَّةُ، ولو وَقَفْتَ غيْرَها، مِثْل أَنْ تَقِفَ التِّسْعَةَ، وتَرُدَّ السِّتَّةَ إلى الاثْنَيْنِ لَدَخَلَا (٧) في الْأَرْبَعَةِ، وَأَجْزَأَكَ ضَرْبُ الْأَرْبَعَةِ في التِّسْعَةِ، ولو وَقَفْتَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ، رَدَدْتَ السِّتَّةَ إلى ثلاثةٍ، ودَخَلْتَ في التِّسْعَةِ، وَأَجْزَأَكَ ضَرْبُ الْأَرْبَعَةِ في التِّسْعَةِ. فأَمَّا إِنْ كانتِ الْأَعْدَادُ الثَّلَاثَةُ مُتَوَافِقَةً، فَإِنَّهُ يُسَمَّى المَوْقُوفَ المُطْلَقَ، وفى عَمَلِهَا طَرِيقَانِ؛ أَحدُهما، ما ذَكَرْنَاهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ، وهو طَرِيقُ الْكُوفِيِّينَ. والثَّانِى، طَرِيقُ

Notes

(٦) سقط من: الأصل، أ.(٧) في م: "أدخلا".

PreviousVolume 9 · Page 42Next
Previous9·42Next