it is more appropriate that it is not valid if he uses something else. As for sales (al-bay'), the formula of offer and acceptance is not a condition for it; rather, it is valid through mutual exchange (al-mu'atah). Moreover, no specific wording is determined for it; rather, it is valid with any wording that conveys the meaning. Khul' (divorce at the instance of the wife) is not binding, because it is valid to condition it upon requirements.
Section: If one enters into a marriage contract jokingly or under duress, it is valid; because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "There are three things in which the joke is serious and the serious is serious: divorce, marriage, and revocation (raj'ah)." Narrated by al-Tirmidhi. It is narrated from al-Hasan who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "Whoever marries playfully, or divorces playfully, or emancipates playfully, it is permitted." 'Umar said: "Four are permitted if one speaks of them: divorce, marriage, manumission, and vows." 'Ali said: "There are four in which there is no play: divorce, manumission, marriage, and vows."
Section: If the acceptance (qabul) is delayed from the offer (ijab), it is valid, as long as they are both in the [same] session (majlis) and have not engaged in something else. This is because the ruling of the session is like the state of the contract, as evidenced by taking possession in cases where possession is a condition, and the establishment of the option (khiyar) in contracts of exchange. If they disperse before the acceptance, the offer becomes void, for its meaning is no longer present; as turning away has occurred from his side by dispersing, so it cannot be an acceptance. The same applies if they engage in something else that cuts it off, because he is also turning away from the contract by being occupied away from
(25) Omitted from B. (26) In: Chapter on what was narrated regarding the serious and the joking in divorce, from the chapters of divorce. 'Aridat al-Ahwadhi 5/156, 157. It was also recorded by Abu Dawud, in: Chapter on divorce in jest, from the Book of Divorce. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/507. And Ibn Majah, in: Chapter on whoever divorces, marries, or revokes in play, from the Book of Divorce. Sunan Ibn Majah 1/658. (27) Recorded by 'Abd al-Razzaq, in: Chapter on what is permitted of play in marriage and divorce, from the Book of Marriage. Al-Musannaf 6/135. (28) In M: "qala" (he said). (29) Recorded by al-Bayhaqi, in: Chapter on the explicit wording of divorce, from the Book of Khul' and Divorce. Al-Sunan al-Kubra 7/341. And Sa'id ibn Mansur, in: Chapter on divorce that has no revocation, from the Book of Divorce. Al-Sunan 1/371. (30) Omitted from B. (31) In the original: "qat'ahu" (cuts it off).
يَصِحَّ إذا أتى بغيرِها أَوْلَى. وأمَّا البيعُ فلا يُشْتَرطُ فيه صِيغةُ الإيجابِ والقَبُولِ، بل يَصِحُّ بالمُعاطاةِ، ولأنَّه لا يَتَعَيّنُ فيه لَفْظٌ، [بل يَصِحُّ] (٢٥) بأىِّ لَفْظٍ كان ممَّا يُؤَدِّى المعنى، ولا يَلْزَمُ الخُلْعُ؛ لأنَّه يَصِحُّ تَعْلِيقُه على الشُّرُوطِ.
فصل: إذا عَقَدَ النِّكاحَ هازِلًا أو تَلْجئةً، صَحَّ؛ لأنَّ النَّبِىَّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم- قال: "ثَلَاثٌ هَزْلُهُنَّ جِدٌّ، وجِدهُنَّ جِدٌّ؛ الطَّلَاقُ، والنِّكاحُ، والرَّجْعَةُ". روَاه التِّرْمِذِىُّ (٢٦). وعن الحسنِ قال: قال رسولُ اللَّه -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "مَنْ نَكَحَ لَاعِبًا، أو طَلَّقَ لَاعِبًا، أو أعْتَقَ لَاعِبًا، جَازَ" (٢٧). وقال (٢٨) عمرُ: أرْبَعٌ جائزاتٌ إذا تَكَلَّمَ بهِنَّ؛ الطَّلَاقُ، والنِّكاحُ، والعَتَاقُ، والنَّذْرُ. وقال علىٌّ: أرْبَعٌ لا لَعِبَ فِيهِنَّ: الطَّلاقُ، والْعَتاقُ، والنِّكاحُ، والنَّذْرُ.
فصل: إذا تَرَاخَى القَبُوُل عن الإيجاب، صَحَّ، ما داما فى المَجْلِسِ، ولم يتَشَاغَلَا عنه بغيرِه؛ لأنَّ حُكْمَ المَجْلِسِ حكمُ حالةِ العَقْدِ، بدليلِ القَبْضِ فيما يُشْتَرَطُ القبضُ فيه، وثُبُوتِ الخِيَارِ فى عُقُودِ المُعاوَضَاتِ. فإن تفَرَّقا قبلَ القَبُولِ، بَطَلَ الإِيجابُ؛ فإنَّه لا يُوجَدُ معناه، فإنَّ الإِعْراضَ قد وُجِدَ من جِهَتِه بالتَّفَرُّقِ، فلا يكونُ قَبُولًا. وكذلك إن تَشاغَلا عنه (٢٩) بما يَقْطَعُه (٣٠)؛ لأنَّه مُعْرِضٌ عن العَقْدِ أيضًا بالاشْتِغالِ عن
(٢٥) سقط من: ب.(٢٦) فى: باب ما جاء فى الجد والهزل فى الطلاق، من أبواب الطلاق. عارضة الأحوذى ٥/ ١٥٦، ١٥٧.كما أخرجه أبو داود، فى: باب فى الطلاق على الهزل، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٥٠٧. وابن ماجه، فى: باب من طلق أو أنكح أو راجع لاعبا، من كتاب الطلاق. سنن ابن ماجه ١/ ٦٥٨.(٢٧) أخرجه عبد الرزاق، فى: باب ما يجوز من اللعب فى النكاح والطلاق، من كتاب النكاح. المصنف ٦/ ١٣٥.(٢٨) فى م: "قال".(٢٨) أخرجه البيهقى، فى: باب صريح ألفاظ الطلاق، من كتاب الخلع والطلاق. السنن الكبرى ٧/ ٣٤١. وسعيد بن منصور، فى: باب الطلاق لا رجوع فيه، من كتاب الطلاق. السنن ١/ ٣٧١.(٢٩) سقط من: ب.(٣٠) فى الأصل: "قطعه".