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Al-Mughni by Ibn Qudama - Edited by Al-Turki
Volume 9 · Page 492

Translation · EN

He said: This is in the Quran: {And not to display their adornment} (22), except for such and such. I asked: So may he look (23) at the leg of his father's wife and her chest? He said: No, that (24) does not please me. Then he said: I dislike for a man to look at his mother or his sister in such a manner, or to look at anything with desire. The judge (al-Qadi) mentioned that the ruling for a man with his unmarriageable kin (mahram) is the same as the ruling for a man with another man, or a woman with another woman. Abu Bakr stated: Ahmad's dislike of looking at the leg or chest of one's mother is a matter of caution, because it invites desire; meaning that it is disliked (makruh) but not prohibited (haram). Al-Hasan, al-Sha'bi, and al-Dahhak prohibited looking at the hair of one's unmarriageable kin. It is narrated from Hind bint al-Muhallab (25) that she said: I asked al-Hasan: May a man look at his sister's earring or (26) her neck? He replied: No, and may he be deprived of honor (la karamah). Al-Dahhak said: If I were to enter upon my mother, I would say: O old woman, cover your hair. The correct view is that it is permissible to look at what usually appears, due to the saying of Allah the Exalted: {And not to display their adornment except to their husbands}, and the rest of the verse. Sahlah bint Suhayl said: O Messenger of Allah, we used to consider Salim as a son, and he would stay with me and my father Hudhayfah in one house, and he would see me in my casual dress (27), and Allah [the Exalted] (28) has revealed regarding them what you know, so how do you view the matter? The Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him - said to her: "Breastfeed him." She breastfed him five times, and he became like her own son. Recorded by Abu Dawud (29) and others. This (30) is evidence that he used to look at what usually appears of her, for she said: "He sees me in my casual dress" (27), meaning in the comfortable attire that does not cover her extremities. Imru' al-Qays (31) said:

Notes

(22) Surah al-Nur 31. (23) In the original, A, and M: "yanzuru" (he looks). (24) Dropped from: M. (25) In the original: "al-Halab". She is Hind bint al-Muhallab bin Abi Sufra, and she was married to al-Hajjaj bin Yusuf al-Thaqafi. See: Wafayat al-A'yan 2/53. (26) In B and M: "wa-ila" (and at). (27) In M: "fadli". A man or woman is considered "fadl" (with two dammahs): one who is relaxed in a single garment. (28) Not in: M. (29) In: Chapter of those for whom [it, i.e., breastfeeding an adult] is forbidden, from the Book of Marriage. Sunan Abi Dawud 1/475, 476. It was also recorded by Muslim, in: Chapter of breastfeeding an adult, from the Book of Suckling. Sahih Muslim 2/1076, 1077; al-Nasa'i, in: Chapter of breastfeeding an adult, from the Book of Marriage. al-Mujtaba 6/86, 87; Imam Malik, in: Chapter of what has been mentioned regarding breastfeeding after adulthood, from the Book of Suckling. al-Muwatta 2/605; and Imam Ahmad, in: al-Musnad 6/174, 201, 228, 249, 269. (30) In B: "wa-huwa" (and it is). (31) The verse is from his Mu'allaqa in his Diwan, 14.

Arabic (Source)

فقال: هذا فى القرآن: {وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ} (٢٢). إلَّا لكذا وكذا. قلتُ: فيَنْظُرُ (٢٣) إلى ساقِ امْرَأةِ أبِيه وصَدْرِها. قال: لا ما (٢٤) يُعْجِبُنِى. ثم قال: أنا أكْرَهُ أن يَنْظُرَ من أُمِّه وأُخْتِه إلى مثلِ هذا، وإلى كلِّ شىءٍ لِشَهْوةٍ. وذكَرَ القاضى أَنَّ حُكْمَ الرجلِ مع ذواتِ محارِمِه حكمُ الرَّجُلِ مع الرَّجُلِ، والمرأةِ مع المرأةِ. وقال أبو بكرٍ: كَراهِيةُ أحمدَ النَّظَرَ إلى ساقِ أمِّه وصَدْرِها على التَّوَقِّى؛ لأنَّ ذلك يَدْعُو إلى الشَّهْوةِ. يعنى أنَّه يُكْرَه ولا يَحْرُمُ. ومنع الحسنُ، والشَّعْبِىُّ، والضَّحَّاكُ، النَّظَرَ إلى شَعْرِ ذواتِ الْمحارِم. فرُوِىَ عن هندِ ابنةِ المُهَلَّبِ (٢٥)، قالت: قلتُ للحَسَنِ: يَنْظُرُ الرجلُ إلى قُرْطِ أخْتِه أو إلى (٢٦) عُنُقِها؟ قال: لا، ولا كَرامةَ. وقال الضَّحّاكُ: لو دخلتُ على أُمِّى لقلتُ: أيَّتُها العَجُوزُ، غَطِّى شَعْرَكِ. والصحيحُ أنَّه يُباحُ النَّظَرُ إلى ما يَظْهَرُ غالبًا؛ لقولِ اللَّه تعالى: {وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ}. الآية. وقالت سَهْلةُ بنت سُهَيْلٍ: يا رسولَ اللَّه، إنَّا كنا نَرَى سالِمًا ولَدًا، وكان يَأْوِى معِى ومع أبى حُذَيْفةَ فى بيتٍ واحدٍ، ويَرَانِى فُضُلًا (٢٧)، وقد أنزلَ [اللَّهُ تعالى] (٢٨) فيهم ما عَلِمْتَ، فكيفَ تَرَى فيه؟ فقال لها النَّبِىُّ -صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم-: "أرْضِعِيهِ". فأرْضَعَتْه خَمْسَ رَضَعاتٍ، فكان بمَنْزِلةِ وَلَدِها. رواه أبو داوُدَ (٢٩)، وغيرُه. وهذا (٣٠) دليلٌ على أنَّه كان يَنْظُرُ منها إلى ما يَظْهَرُ غالِبًا، فإنَّها قالتْ: يَرَانِى فُضُلًا (٢٧). ومعناه فى ثِيابِ البِذْلَةِ التى لا تَسْتُرُ أطْرافَها. وقال امْرُؤُ القَيْسِ (٣١):

Notes

(٢٢) سورة النور ٣١.(٢٣) فى الأصل، أ، م: "ينظر".(٢٤) سقط من: م.(٢٥) فى الأصل: "الهلب". وهى هند بنت المهلب بن أبى صفرة، وكانت تحت الحجاج بن يوسف الثقفى. انظر: وفيات الأعيان ٢/ ٥٣.(٢٦) فى ب، م: "وإلى".(٢٧) فى م: "فضلى". ورجل وامرأة فضل، بضمتين: متفضل فى ثوب واحد.(٢٨) ليس فى: م.(٢٩) فى: باب من حَرَّم به [أى برضاعة الكبير]، من كتاب النكاح. سنن أبى داود ١/ ٤٧٥، ٤٧٦.كما أخرجه مسلم، فى: باب رضاعة الكبير، من كتاب الرضاع. صحيح مسلم ٢/ ١٠٧٦، ١٠٧٧. والنسائى، فى: باب رضاع الكبير، من كتاب النكاح. المجتبى ٦/ ٨٦، ٨٧. والإمام مالك، فى: باب ما جاء فى الرضاعة بعد الكبر، من كتاب الرضاع. الموطأ ٢/ ٦٠٥. والإمام أحمد، فى: المسند ٦/ ١٧٤، ٢٠١، ٢٢٨، ٢٤٩، ٢٦٩.(٣٠) فى ب: "وهو".(٣١) البيت من معلقته فى ديوانه ١٤.

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