it (i.e., its purchase at a price higher than the standard price) leads to being overburdened, whereas this does not recur, so there is no harm in it.
Section: If he has wealth in his possession but claims that he is destitute and that the wealth belongs to someone else, then his statement is accepted; because this is a matter between him and Allah the Almighty, so his statement regarding it is accepted, just as if he claimed the fear of falling into sin. Whenever he marries a slave woman, then confesses that he was wealthy at the time of the marriage, a separation is decreed between them; because he has confessed to the invalidity of his marriage. Likewise, if he confesses that he did not fear falling into sin. If this is before consummation and the master confirms it, there is no dowry, but if he denies it, he is entitled to half of the specified amount; because he claims the validity of the marriage and the principle supports him. If it is after consummation, he owes the entire specified amount, unless the dowry of her peers is higher, in which case, according to the opinion of those who mandate the dowry of her peers in an invalid marriage, he is liable for the dowry of her peers; due to his confession of it. If the specified amount is higher, it is due to the master [unless] he confirms his statement, in which case he is entitled to what is due in an invalid marriage from the dowry. Is that the specified amount or the dowry of her peers? There are two transmitted versions.
1162 - Issue: He said: (And whenever he concludes a contract with her while the two conditions are present: lack of means and fear of falling into sin, then he becomes wealthy, the marriage is not annulled).
This is the manifest position of the school, and it is the position of Al-Shafi'i. In the school, there is another view that the marriage becomes invalid. This is the opinion of Al-Muzani; because it was only permitted due to a need, so when the need ceases, he is not permitted to continue it, just like someone who is permitted to eat carrion due to necessity; when he finds lawful food, he does not continue eating it. Our argument is that the lack of means is one of the two conditions for the permissibility of marrying a slave woman, and its persistence is not considered, just like the fear of falling into sin. It is different from eating carrion, for eating it after having the ability is an initiation of eating, whereas this man is not initiating a marriage.
(18) Missing from: the original. (19) In [M]: "and to the master". (20) In [M]: "that not". (21) In [A], [B]: "it was due". (1) Missing from: [B].
شِرَائِه بزِيادةٍ على ثمنِ المِثْلِ يُفْضِى إلى الإِجْحافِ به، وهذا لا يتَكَرَّرُ، فلا ضَرَرَ فيه.
فصل: وإن كان فى يَدِه مالٌ، فذَكَرَ أنَّه مُعْسِرٌ، وأنَّ المالَ لغيرِه. فالقولُ قولُه؛ لأنَّه حُكْمٌ بينَه وبينَ اللَّهِ تعالى، فقُبِلَ قولُه فيه، كما لو ادَّعَى مَخافةَ العَنَتِ. ومتى تَزَوّجَ الأمَةَ، ثم أقَرَّ أنَّه كان مُوسِرًا حالَ النِّكاحِ، فُرِّقَ بينهما؛ لأنَّه أقَرَّ بفَسادِ نِكاحِه. وهكذا إن أقَرَّ أنَّه لم يَكُنْ (١٨) يَخْشَى العَنَتَ. فإن كان قبلَ الدُّخولِ وصَدَّقَه السَّيِّدُ، فلا مَهْرَ، وإن كَذَّبَه، فله نِصْفُ المُسَمَّى؛ لأنَّه يَدَّعِى صِحّةَ النكاحِ والأصْلُ معه، وإن كان بعدَ الدُّخولِ، فعليه المُسَمَّى جَمِيعُه، إلَّا أن يكونَ مَهْرُ المِثْلِ أكْثَرَ، فعلى قولِ مَنْ أوْجَبَ مَهْرَ المِثْلِ فى النكاحِ الفاسدِ، يلْزَمُه مَهْرُ المِثْلِ؛ لإِقْرارِه به. وإن كان المُسَمَّى أكثرَ، وَجَبَ للسَّيِّدِ (١٩) [إلَّا أن] (٢٠) يُصَدِّقَه فيما قال، فيكونَ له من المَهْرِ ما يَجِبُ (٢١) فى النِّكاحِ الفاسدِ. وهل ذلك المُسَمَّى أو مَهْرُ المِثْلِ؟ على رِوَايتَيْنِ.
١١٦٢ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَمَتَى عَقَدَ عَلَيْهَا وَفِيهِ الشَّرْطَانِ؛ عَدَمُ الطَّوْلِ، وخَوْفُ الْعَنَتِ، ثُمَّ أَيْسَرَ، لَمْ يَنْفَسِخِ النِّكَاحُ)
هذا ظاهرُ المذهبِ، وهو مذهبُ الشافعىِّ، وفى المذهبِ وجهٌ آخَرُ، أنَّه يَفْسُدُ النكاحُ. وهو قول المُزَنِىِّ؛ لأنَّه إنَّما أُبِيحَ للحاجةِ، فإذا زالتِ الحاجةُ لم يَجُزْ له (١) اسْتِدامَتُه، كمن أُبِيحَ له أكْلُ المَيْتةِ للضَّرُورةِ، فإذا وَجَدَ الحَلَالَ لم يَسْتَدِمْه. ولَنا، أَنَّ فَقْدَ الطَّوْلِ أحَدُ شَرْطَىْ إباحةِ نِكاحِ الأَمَةِ، فلم تُعْتَبَر اسْتِدامَتُه، كخَوْفِ العَنَتِ، ويُفارِقُ أكْلَ المَيْتةِ، فإنَّ أكْلَها بعدَ القُدْرَةِ ابْتِداءٌ (١) للأَكْلِ، وهذا لا يَبْتَدِئُ النِّكاحَ،
(١٨) سقط من: الأصل.(١٩) فى م: "وللسيد".(٢٠) فى م: "أن لا".(٢١) فى أ، ب: "وجب".(١) سقط من: ب.