Due to the establishment of evidence regarding their inheritance alongside them, whatever is other than those two remains upon its apparent meaning. Thus, the offspring of the two parents—both male and female—are excluded by three: the son, the son's son however low the descent, and the father. The offspring of the father (the paternal half-siblings) are excluded by these three, as well as by the brother from both parents, based on what has been narrated from Ali, peace be upon him, that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) decreed the settlement of debt before the bequest (2), and because the full siblings inherit to the exclusion of the paternal half-siblings; a man inherits from his brother of the same father and mother to the exclusion of his brother from the same father. Reported by al-Tirmidhi (3).

995 - Issue; He said: (A brother or a sister from the mother does not inherit alongside a child, whether that child is male or female, nor alongside the child of a son, nor alongside a father, nor alongside a grandfather.)

The sum of this is that the children of the mother—both male and female—are excluded by four: the child, the son's child, the father, and the grandfather, who is the father's father however high the ascent. The scholars are in consensus on this, and we know of no one among them who disagreed with it, except for a rare report from Ibn Abbas regarding a mother and two siblings from the mother, that the mother gets one-third and the two siblings get one-third. It was also said on his authority that they have one-third of the remainder. This is highly improbable, for Ibn Abbas excludes all siblings by the grandfather, so how could he grant inheritance to the children of the mother alongside the father! There is no disagreement among the scholars that the children of the mother are excluded by the grandfather, so how could they inherit alongside the father! The source for this is the saying of Allah, the Almighty: "And if a man or woman is made an heir, kalalah, and has a brother or a sister, then for each of them is a sixth, but if they are more than that, they are partners in a third" (2). The intended meaning of this verse is the brother and sister from the mother, by the consensus of the scholars. In the recitation of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas: "And he has a brother or a sister from a mother." Kalalah, in the view of the majority, is one who has no child and no parent. Thus, He conditioned their inheritance on the absence of a child and a parent. The "child" includes both male and female, and the "parent" includes the father and the grandfather.