If a brother is in place of the sister, the remainder is between them as two halves, and it is valid from twenty-four. If there are two sisters, he divides with them, and it is valid from forty-eight. If there is a brother and a sister, or three sisters, they exclude the mother to the sixth, and divide the remainder among themselves by five, and it is valid from sixty. If they exceed that, a third of the remainder and the division (muqasama) are equal, so assign him a third of the remainder, multiply the issue by three, it becomes thirty-six, and twenty-one remains for him and them. He takes a third of it, which is seven, and the remainder is for them. If it is not valid for them, you multiply them or reconcile them with thirty-six, and whatever it reaches is what it is valid from. If they are from both sides, nothing remains for the son of the father (paternal half-sibling), and the child of both parents takes it all to the exclusion of them.
Section: A wife, a sister, a grandfather, and a grandmother; this is like the one before it in its derivatives, except that the grandmother has the sixth with a single sister and a single brother. Whenever they are more than one, the ruling of the grandmother and the mother is one. If there is no grandmother with them, it is from four; the wife has the fourth, and three remain; the grandfather has two shares, and the sister has one share. If there is another sister with her, the remainder is between them by four, and it is valid from sixteen. If there is a brother in their place, it is valid from eight. If there is a brother and a sister or three sisters, the remainder is between them by five, and it is valid from twenty. If they exceed this, give him a third of the remainder as a share, and divide the remainder among the rest. If they are from both sides, then the son of the father gets nothing, because the remainder after the share of the grandfather does not exceed the half, and that is the lowest fixed share for the child of both parents.
1028 - Issue; He said: (And if there is a mother, a sister, and a grandfather; the mother has the third, and what remains is between the grandfather and the sister over three shares; the grandfather has two shares, and the sister has one share.)
This issue is called al-Kharqa'. It was only called Kharqa' (the torn one) because of the great disagreement of the Companions regarding it, as if the opinions had torn it. Seven opinions were stated regarding it: The opinion of the Truthful (Abu Bakr) and those who agreed with him is that the mother has a third.
(3) In [copy] M: "wa-thalath" (and three).
الأخْتِ أخٌ، فالباقِى بينهما نِصْفَيْنِ، وتَصِحُّ من أربعةٍ وعشرينَ. وإنْ كانَتا أُخْتَيْنِ، قَاسَمَهُمَا، وصَحَّتْ من ثمانيةٍ وأربعينَ. فإنْ كانَ أخٌ وأختٌ أو ثلاثُ أَخَواتٍ، حَجَبُوا الأُمَّ إلى السُّدُسِ، وقَسَمُوا الباقِى بينهم على خَمْسةٍ، وصَحَّتْ من سِتِّينَ. فإنْ زادُوا على ذلك، اسْتَوَى ثُلُثُ الباقِى والمُقاسَمةُ، فافْرِضْ له ثُلُثَ الباقِى، واضْرِبِ المسألةَ في ثلاثةٍ، تَصِيرُ سِتَّةً وثلاثينَ، ويَبْقَى له ولهم أَحَدٌ وعِشْرُونَ، يَأْخُذُ ثُلُثَها سَبْعَةً، والباقِى لهم، فإنْ لم تَصِحَّ عليهم، ضَرَبْتَهم أو وَفِّقْهم في سِتَّةٍ وثلاثينَ، فما بَلَغَ فمنه تَصِحُّ. فإنْ كانوا من الجِهَتَيْنِ لم يَبْقَ لولد الأبِ شيءٌ، واستأثَرَ به وَلَدُ الأبوَيْنِ دُونَهُمْ.
فصل: زوجةٌ وأختٌ وجدٌّ وجدَّةٌ؛ فهى كالتى قبلَها في فُرُوعِها، إلَّا في أنَّ للجدَّةِ السُدُسَ مع الأختِ الواحدةِ، والأخِ الواحدِ. ومتى كانوا أكثرَ من واحدٍ، كان حكمُ الجَدَّةِ والأُمِّ واحدًا. وإن لم يكُنْ معهم جَدَّةٌ، فهى مِنْ أربعةٍ؛ للزَّوجةِ الرُّبُعُ، ويَبْقَى ثلاثةٌ، للجَدِّ سَهْمَانِ، وللأختِ سَهْمٌ. فإنْ كانَ معها أختٌ أُخْرَى، فالباقِى بينَهم على أربعةٍ، وتَصِحُّ مِن سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ. وإنْ كان مكانَهما أخٌ، صَحَّتْ مِن ثمانيةٍ، فإنْ كان أَخٌ وأُختٌ أَوْ ثَلَاثُ (٣) أَخَوَاتٍ، فالباقِى بينَهم على خَمْسَةٍ، وتَصِحُّ مِن عِشرينَ. وإنْ زادوا على هذا، فأعْطِه ثُلُثَ الباقِى سَهْمًا، واقْسِمِ الباقِىَ على الباقِينَ، فإنْ كانوا من الجهَتَيْنِ، فلا شىءَ لولدِ الأبِ؛ لأنَّ الباقِىَ بعدَ نصيبِ الْجَدِّ لا يزيدُ على النِّصْفِ، وهو أقلُّ فَرْضٍ لولدِ الأبوَيْنِ.
١٠٢٨ - مسألة؛ قال: (وَإِذَا كَانَتْ أُمٌّ وَأُخْتٌ وَجَدٌّ؛ فللأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ، وَمَا بَقِىَ فَبَيْنَ الجَدِّ وَالأُخْتِ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَسْهُمٍ؛ لِلْجَدِّ سَهْمَانِ، وَلِلْأُخْتِ سَهْمٌ)
وهذه المسألةُ تُسَمَّى الخَرْقاءُ، إنَّما سُمِّيَتْ خَرْقاءَ لِكَثْرَةِ اختلافِ الصَّحابةِ فيها، فكأنَّ الأقوالَ خَرَقَتْها. قيل فيها سَبْعَةُ أقوالٍ: قولُ الصِّدِّيقِ ومُوافِقيه، للأُمِّ ثُلُثٌ،
(٣) في م: "وثلاث".