1034 - Issue: He said: (If there are three daughters of three sisters who are of different relations, then for the daughter of the sister from the father and mother is three-fifths of the estate, for the daughter of the sister from the father is one-fifth, and for the daughter of the sister from the mother is one-fifth.)
They are placed in the position of their mothers. The same applies if there are three paternal aunts of different relations. The school of Ahmad and all the practitioners of replacement regarding the offspring of sisters is that the estate is divided among the sisters according to their shares, and whatever befalls each sister is for her offspring. The estate in our issue is between the sisters in five parts, and so it is between their offspring likewise. The same applies if there are three paternal aunts of different relations; because they are sisters of the father, so their inheritance between them is like the inheritance of sisters of different relations from their brother. The same ruling applies to three maternal aunts of different relations; because they are sisters of the mother, so their inheritance between them is likewise. The people of kinship prioritized those who were from both father and mother among all of them, then those who were from a father, then those who were from a mother, except for Muhammad ibn al-Hasan, for he divided the inheritance of the sisters' offspring according to their numbers and placed them in the position of their mothers, as if they were sisters.
Among the issues of this is: six daughters of three sisters of different relations, the estate is between the sisters in five parts, and whatever befalls each one is for her two daughters, and it is sound from ten. The opinion of Abu Yusuf is that the whole estate is for the offspring of those from both parents. Muhammad's opinion is that for the two of them is two-thirds, and for the offspring of the mother is one-third, and it is sound from six. Six daughters of six sisters of different relations, for the two daughters of the two sisters from both parents is two-thirds, and for the offspring of the mother is one-third, and it is sound from six. This is the opinion of Muhammad. A son of a sister from both parents, a son and daughter of a sister from a father, two sons and a daughter of another sister from a father, and three sons and three daughters of a sister from a mother, it is from one hundred and twenty according to those who equalize, from sixty according to those who favor, and from fifty-four according to Muhammad. If there were with them four sons and four other daughters from a mother, it is sound from one hundred and forty-three according to all the practitioners of replacement. Muhammad's opinion is that they are like a sister from both parents, six sisters from a father, and fourteen sisters from a mother, and the share of the father's offspring is among them in nine parts, so it is sound from three hundred and seventy-eight.
(1) In M: "he placed them". (2) The waw (and) was omitted from: the original, A.
١٠٣٤ - مسألة؛ قال: (فَإنْ كُنَّ ثَلَاثَ بَناتِ ثلاثِ أَخَواتٍ مُفْتَرِقاتٍ، فَلبِنْتِ الأُخْتِ مِنَ الأَبِ والأُمِّ ثَلاثَةُ أَخْماسِ المالِ، ولِبِنْتِ الأُخْتِ مِنَ الأَبِ الخُمُسُ، وَلِبنْتِ الأُخْتِ مِنَ الأُمِّ الخُمُسُ)
جُعِلْنَ (١) مكانَ أُمَّهاتِهِنَّ. وكذلكَ إن كُنَّ ثلاثَ عَمَّاتٍ مُفْتَرِقاتٍ. مذهبُ أحمدَ وسائرِ المُنَزِّلِينَ في وَلَدِ الأخَواتِ، أنَّ المالَ يُقَسَّمُ بين الأخَواتِ علَى قَدْرِ سِهامِهنَّ، فما أصابَ كُلَّ أختٍ فهو لِوَلَدِها. والمالُ في مسألَتِنا بين الأخواتِ على خَمْسَةٍ، فيكونُ بينَ أولادِهِنَّ كذلكَ. وكذلكَ إن كُنَّ ثلاثَ عَمَّاتٍ مُفْتَرِقَاتٍ؛ لأنَّهُنَّ أخواتُ الأبِ، فميراثُهُ بينهنَّ كميراثِ الأخَواتِ المُفْتَرِقَاتِ من أَخيهنَّ. وكذلك الحُكْمُ في ثلاثِ خالاتٍ مُفْتَرِقَاتٍ؛ لأنَّهُنَّ أَخَواتُ الأُمِّ، فميراثُها بينهنَّ كذلكَ. وقَدَّم أهلُ القرابَةِ مَنْ كان لأبٍ وأمٍّ من جَميعِهم، ثم مَنْ كان لأبٍ، ثم مَنْ كان لأمٍّ، إلَّا محمدَ بنَ الحَسَنِ، فإنَّه قَسَّمَ ميراثَ أولادِ الأخَواتِ علَى أعدادِهم، وأقامَهم مُقامَ أُمَّهاتِهِنَّ، كأنَّهم أخَواتٌ.
ومن مسائِلِ ذلك؛ سِتُّ بناتِ ثلاثِ أخَواتٍ مُفْتَرِقاتٍ، المالُ بين الأخَواتِ على خمسةٍ، فما أَصابَ كُلَّ واحدَةٍ فهو لبِنْتَيْها، وتصِحُّ من عشَرَةٍ. قولُ أبى يوسفَ، المالُ كُلُّه لِوَلَدِ الأبَوَيْنِ. قولُ محمدٍ، لهما الثُّلُثانِ، ولِوَلَدِ الأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ، وتصِحُّ من سِتَّةٍ. سِتُّ بناتِ سِتّ أخَواتٍ مُفْتَرِقات، لبِنْتَىِ الأُخْتَيْنِ من الأبَوَيْنِ الثُّلُثانِ، ولِوَلَدِ الأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ، وتصِحُّ من ستَّةٍ. وهذا قولُ محمدٍ. ابنُ أُختٍ لأبَويْنِ وابنُ وابنةُ أختٍ لأبٍ، وابنَا وابنتَا أُختٍ أُخرَى لأبٍ، وثلاثةُ بنين وثلاثُ بناتِ أختٍ لأُمٍّ، هي من مائةٍ وعشرينَ عندَ مَنْ سوَّى، ومن ستِّينَ عندَ مَنْ فضَّلَ، ومن أربعَةٍ وخمسينَ عندَ محمدٍ. فإن كان معَهم أربعةُ بنينَ، وأربعُ بناتٍ أُخْرَى لأُمٍّ، صحَّتْ من مائةٍ وأربَعَةٍ وأربَعينَ عندَ المُنَزِّلِينَ كُلِّهم. قولُ محمدٍ، كأنَّهم أختٌ لأبَوَينِ، وسِتُّ أخواتٍ لأبٍ، وأربعَ عشَرَةَ أختًا لأُمٍّ، وسَهْمُ (٢) ولَدِ الأبِ بينَهم علَى تسعةٍ، فتصِحُّ من ثلاثمائةٍ وثمانِيةٍ وسبعينَ. فإن
(١) في م: "جعلهن".(٢) سقطت الواو من: الأصل، أ.