268 - Harun ibn Ma'ruf narrated to us, from Ibn Fudayl, from Layth, from Mujahid, regarding '{It may be that your Lord will raise you to a Praiseworthy Station} [Al-Isra': 79]', he said: 'He will seat him upon the Throne.' I truly hope that his position before Allah, Blessed and Exalted, is even greater than this. Whoever rejects what Mujahid said regarding the seating of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, upon the Throne and other matters, has lied. I do not know that I have ever seen this al-Tirmidhi, who denies the hadith of Mujahid, in the presence of any hadith scholar, nor elsewhere. Abu Dawud al-Sijistani said: 'I am of the view that everyone who rejects the hadith of Layth, from Mujahid, "He will seat him upon the Throne," should be avoided and warned against until he returns to the truth. I did not think that anyone who identifies with the Sunnah would speak against this hadith, except that we have come to know that the Jahmiyyah deny it from the perspective of affirming the Throne, for they deny the matter of the Throne and say: "The Throne is majesty," even though they did not deny the excellence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in it. This al-Tirmidhi is a man I do not know, and I have seen those among my companions who mention that they do not know him in the pursuit of knowledge, nor do I know him. Mujahid held a high status among the companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, such as Ibn 'Abbas and Ibn 'Umar, who would hold his stirrup for him. I ask Allah to favor us and you with holding fast to the Sunnah and following the righteous predecessors, through Abu 'Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with him, for he has clarified these newly introduced matters with what is sufficient for those who follow him.'
Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Sulami said: 'Everyone who thinks or imagines that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not deserve this station from Allah, Mighty and Majestic, in the hadith of Mujahid, is a Jahmi in our view. This calamity upon the people of Islam is that someone would mention the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and they would not all show him utmost deference. Were it not that Abu Bakr al-Marwudhi, may Allah have mercy on him, exerted such effort in this, I would fear that punishment might descend upon us and those who fall short concerning this misguided and misguiding one, for he is among the most evil of the Jahmiyyah and does not care what he says. He said: "This is not the Throne of the Lord of the Worlds; it is only like the throne of Bilqis, or one of the thrones," likening the throne of humans to the Throne of the Most Merciful, Mighty and Majestic. He does not refrain from denying the excellence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace; so what of those after the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace? There is no doubt in his Jahmism, and we are capable of nothing more than supplication, warning, and clarifying his matter. We show enmity toward anyone who supports him or inclines toward those who support him by declaring Mujahid a disbeliever. And regarding whoever speaks with the words of Mujahid concerning {It may be that your Lord will raise you to a Praiseworthy Station} [Al-Isra': 79], and that He will seat him upon the Throne, he [al-Tirmidhi] said: "This is disbelief, and whoever says it is a disbeliever." I heard him say that.'
Abu al-'Abbas Harun ibn al-'Abbas al-Hashimi said: 'Whoever rejects the hadith of Mujahid is a Jahmi in my view, and whoever rejects the excellence of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is in my view a heretic (zindiq) who should not be given the chance to repent, but rather killed, because Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has favored him, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, over the Prophets, peace be upon them. It has been narrated from Allah, Mighty and Majestic, that He said: "I am not mentioned except that you are mentioned with Me." It is also narrated concerning His saying, {By your life} [Al-Hijr: 72], that He said: "By your life," and it is narrated that He said: "O Muhammad, were it not for you, I would not have created Adam." So beware of rejecting the hadith of Mujahid. It has reached me about him—may Allah disgrace him—that he denies that Allah, Mighty and Majestic, descends. So whoever rejects this and the hadith of Mujahid should not be spoken to, nor should the funeral prayer be offered for him.'
Abu 'Ali Isma'il ibn Ibrahim al-Hashimi said: 'This person known as al-Tirmidhi is in our view an innovator and a Jahmi. Whoever rejects the hadith of Mujahid has denied the excellence of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace; and whoever rejects the excellence of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is in our view a disbeliever, an apostate from Islam. A book of his reached me in which it is written: "The Throne is a couch like the throne of Bilqis, the throne of Sheba, the throne of Joseph, and the throne of Iblis." I rejected this and other parts of his statements, as did the people of knowledge and Islam, with extreme rejection. What we hold as our religion before Allah, Mighty and Majestic, is the hadith of Mujahid: "He will seat him upon the Throne." So whoever rejects this is in our view a disbelieving Jahmi. It reached me that he said: "The Hashimites are with me in my position." He lied, may Allah disgrace him; no Hashimite would deny an excellence to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when it is a pride for him. If any Hashimite were to do that, it would be necessary to investigate him and look into his affairs. I do not know him, nor have I ever seen him in my acquaintance. He was with Salih ibn 'Ali al-Hashimi, may Allah be pleased with him, in Medina, and he brought him near and drew him close. Then, his hostility toward Allah became manifest due to what he imprisoned him for, and he prolonged his imprisonment for his rejection of this hadith and other things through which he let his tongue loose and wrote books. He mentioned that the oath of allegiance to Abu Muslim was more correct than the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him. He wrote a book for the family of Abu Talib in which he states that the Alawids are more entitled to the state than Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, seeking to draw near to them through this. Salih ibn 'Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, had intended when he imprisoned him to have him brought before him, but my son expelled him in the middle of the night. I heard Salih ibn 'Ali mention all of that about him and refute it. Therefore, anyone who hears of him should fear Allah alone, with no partner, warn the people against him, and expose what he is upon.'
Muhammad ibn 'Imran al-Farisi the Ascetic said: 'I did not think that there could be among the Muslims, the truthful believers, the jurisprudent scholars, the knowledgeable worshippers, or the misguided innovators, anyone who would deem it lawful in their creed or innovation to attack the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and reject an excellence with which Allah has favored him and distinguished him. Just as he was distinguished by the Night Journey to Him while alive before he died, and He proclaimed this to the hearing of all creation, saying: {Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from the Sacred Mosque to the Furthest Mosque whose surroundings We have blessed} [Al-Isra': 1]. Then the Angel took him until he reached the utmost limit of the knowledge of the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth, and He said: {And he certainly saw him in another descent, at the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary} [Al-Najm: 13-14]. Knowledge reached them both from the angels specifically, to the exclusion of the children of Adam, peace be upon him; because the children of Adam have been occupied by Allah, Mighty and Majestic, with their own selves from gazing at the higher kingdom, as He said: {And in yourselves, so will you not see?} [Al-Dhariyat: 21].'
٢٦٨ - حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ لَيْثٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ {عَسَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَامًا مَحْمُودًا} [الإسراء: ٧٩] قَالَ: يُقْعِدُهُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ " وَإِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ مَنْزِلَتُهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْ هَذَا، وَمَنْ رَدَّ عَلَى مُجَاهِدٍ مَا قَالَهُ مِنْ قُعُودِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ وَغَيْرَهُ، فَقَدْ كَذَبَ، وَلَا أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي رَأَيْتُ هَذَا التِّرْمِذِيَّ الَّذِي يُنْكِرُ حَدِيثَ مُجَاهِدٍ قَطُّ فِي حَدِيثٍ وَلَا غَيْرِ حَدِيثٍ. وَقَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّ: أَرَى أَنْ يُجَانَبَ كُلُّ مَنْ رَدَّ حَدِيثَ لَيْثٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ: يُقْعِدُهُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ "، وَيُحَذَّرُ عَنْهُ، حَتَّى يُرَاجِعَ الْحَقَّ، مَا ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ أَحَدًا يُذَكِّرُ بِالسُّنَّةِ يَتَكَلَّمُ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ إِلَّا إِنَّا عَلِمْنَا أَنَّ الْجَهْمِيَّةَ تُنْكِرُهُ مِنْ جِهَةِ إِثْبَاتِ الْعَرْشِ، فَإِنَّهُمْ يُنْكِرُونَ أَمْرَ الْعَرْشِ، وَيَقُولُونَ: الْعَرْشُ عَظَمَةٌ، مَعَ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُنْكِرُوا مِنْهُ فَضِيلَةَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَأَنَّ هَذَا التِّرْمِذِيَّ رَجُلٌ لَا أَعْرِفُهُ وَرَأَيْتُ مَنْ عِنْدِي مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، يَذْكُرُونَ أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْرِفُونَهُ فِي الطَّلَبِ، وَلَا عَرَفْتُهُ أَنَا، وَمُجَاهِدٌ كَانَتْ لَهُ جَلَالَةٌ عِنْدَ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنِ عُمَرَ، يَأْخُذُ لَهُ بِالرِّكَابِ، أَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَمُنَّ عَلَيْنَا، وَعَلَيْكُمْ بِلُزُومِ السُّنَّةِ، وَالِاقْتِدَاءِ بِالسَّلَفِ الصَّالِحِ، بِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، فَإِنَّهُ أَوْضَحَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمُورِ الْمُحْدَثَاتِ مَا هُوَ كِفَايَةٌ لِمَنِ اقْتَدَى بِهِ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ السُّلَمِيُّ: كُلُّ مَنْ ظَنَّ أَوْ تَوَهَّمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَسْتَوْجِبْ مِنَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ هَذِهِ الْمَنْزِلَةَ فِي حَدِيثِ مُجَاهِدٍ فَهُوَ عِنْدَنَا جَهْمِيُّ، وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْمُصِيبَةَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَنْ يَذْكُرَ أَحَدٌ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلَا يَقْدُمُوا عَلَيْهِ بِأَجْمَعِهِمْ، وَلَوْلَا أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الْمَرُّوذِيَّ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ اجْتَهَدَ فِي هَذَا لَخِفْتُ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِنَا وَبِمَنْ يَقْصُرُ عَنْ هَذَا الضَّالِّ الْمُضِلِّ عُقُوبَةٌ، فَإِنَّهُ مِنْ شَرِّ الْجَهْمِيَّةِ مَا يُبَالِي مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ، قَالَ: لَيْسَ هَذَا عَرْشَ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِثْلُ عَرْشِ بِلْقِيسَ، وَعَرْشٌ مِنَ الْعُرُوشِ شَبَّهَ عَرْشَ الْآدَمَيِّينَ بِعَرْشِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، لَا يَرْعَوِي عَنْ دَفْعِ فَضِيلَةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، لَا شَكَّ فِي تَجَهُّمِهِ، وَلَا نَقْدِرُ عَلَى أَكْثَرَ مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ وَالتَّحْذِيرِ وَتَبْيِينِ أَمْرِهِ، وَنُعَادِي مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ، أَوْ يَمِيلُ إِلَى مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ بِتَكْفِيرِ مُجَاهِدٍ، وَمَنْ قَالَ بِقَوْلِ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي {عَسَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَامًا مَحْمُودًا} [الإسراء: ٧٩] فَإِنَّهُ يُقْعِدُهُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ، فَقَالَ: هَذَا كُفْرٌ، وَمَنْ قَالَ: بِهِ فَهُوَ كَافِرٌ، سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ هَارُونُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ الْهَاشِمِيُّ: مَنْ رَدَّ حَدِيثَ مُجَاهِدٍ فَهُوَ عِنْدِي جَهْمِيُّ، وَمَنْ رَدَّ فَضْلَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَهُوَ عِنْدِي زِنْدِيقٌ لَا يُسْتَتَابُ، وَيُقْتَلُ، لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ فَضَّلَهُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، قَالَ: «لَا أُذْكَرُ إِلَّا ذُكِرْتَ مَعِي» وَيُرْوَى فِي قَوْلِهِ {لَعَمْرُكَ} [الحجر: ٧٢] قَالَ: بِحَيَاتِكَ، وَيُرْوَى أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «يَا مُحَمَّدُ، لَوْلَاكَ مَا خَلَقْتُ آدَمَ» ، فَاحْذَرُوا مِنْ رَدِّ حَدِيثِ مُجَاهِدٍ، وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي عَنْهُ أَخْزَاهُ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ يُنْكِرُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَنْزِلُ، فَمَنْ رَدَّ هَذَا وَحَدِيثَ مُجَاهِدٍ فَلَا يُكَلَّمُ، وَلَا يُصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ: أَنَّ هَذَا الْمَعْرُوفَ بِالتِّرْمِذِيِّ عِنْدَنَا مُبْتَدَعٌ جَهْمِيُّ، وَمَنْ رَدَّ حَدِيثَ مُجَاهِدٍ، فَقَدْ دَفَعَ فَضْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَمَنْ رَدَّ فَضِيلَةَ الرَّسُولِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَهُوَ عِنْدَنَا كَافِرٌ مُرْتَدٌّ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ، وَقَدْ كَانَ وَرَدَ عَلَيَّ كِتَابٌ مِنْهُ فِيهِ: أَنَّ الْعَرْشَ سَرِيرٌ مِثْلُ عَرْشِ بِلْقِيسَ، وَعَرْشِ سَبَأٍ، وَعَرْشِ يُوسُفَ، وَعَرْشِ إِبْلِيسَ، فَأَنْكَرْتُ هَذَا وَغَيْرَهُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ، وَأَنْكَرَهُ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ إِنْكَارًا شَدِيدًا، وَالَّذِي نَدِينُ للَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِهِ حَدِيثُ مُجَاهِدٍ: يُقْعِدُهُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ، فَمَنْ رَدَّ هَذَا فَهُوَ عِنْدَنَا جَهْمِيُّ كَافِرٌ، وَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ قَالَ: الْهَاشِمِيُّونَ مَعِي عَلَى مِثْلِ قَوْلِي، وَكَذَبَ، أَخْزَاهُ اللَّهُ، مَا هَاشِمِيُّ يَدْفَعُ فَضِيلَةً لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ فَخْرَةٌ لَهُ، وَمَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْهَاشِمِيِّينَ فَيَجِبُ التَّفْتِيشُ عَنْهُ وَالنَّظَرُ فِي أَمْرِهِ، وَلَا أَعْرِفُهُ، وَلَا رَأَيْتُهُ قَطُّ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَعْرِفُهُ، وَلَقَدْ كَانَ عِنْدَ صَالِحِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْهَاشِمِيِّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ، فَقَرَّبَهُ وَأَدْنَاهُ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ ظَهَرَ مِنْهُ الْعَدَاءُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى مَا حَبَسَهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَطَالَ حَبْسَهُ مِنْ دَفْعِهِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ وَغَيْرَهُ، مِمَّا أَطْلَقَ بِهِ لِسَانَهُ، وَوَضَعَ فِيهِ الْكُتُبَ، وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ بَيْعَةَ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ أَصَحُّ مِنْ بَيْعَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، وَوَضَعَ لِآلِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ كِتَابًا يَذْكُرُ فِيهِ أَنَّ الْعَلَوِيَّةَ أَحَقُّ بِالدَّوْلَةِ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ، يَتَقَرَّبُ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَقَدْ أَرَادَ صَالِحُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حِينَ حَبَسَهُ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَخْرَجَهُ ابْنِي فِي جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ، فَسَمِعْتُ صَالِحَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ يَذْكُرُ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ عَنْهُ وَيَضَعُهُ، فَيَنْبَغِي لِسَامِعِ ذِكْرِهِ أَنْ يَتَّقِيَ اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَيُحَذِّرَ عَنْهُ النَّاسَ، وَيَتَبَيَّنُ عَلَيْهِ مَا هُوَ فِيهِ. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ الْفَارِسِيُّ الزَّاهِدُ: مَا ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَلَا فِي الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الصَّادِقِينَ، وَلَا فِي الْعُلَمَاءِ الْمُتَفَقِّهِينَ، وَلَا فِي الْعَارِفِينَ الْعَابِدِينَ، وَلَا فِي الضُّلَّالِ الْمُبْتَدِعِينَ أَحَدٌ يَسْتَحِلُّ فِي عَقْدِ دِيَانَتِهِ أَوْ بِدْعَتِهِ الطَّعْنَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَرَدَّ فَضِيلَةً فَضَّلَهُ اللَّهُ بِهَا، وَخَصَّهُ بِهَا، كَمَا خُصَّ بِالزِّيَارَةِ إِلَيْهِ حَيًّا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ، وَنَادَى بِذَلِكَ فِي أَسْمَاعِ الْخَلَائِقِ، فَقَالَ: {سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلًا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْأَقْصَى الَّذِي بَارَكْنَا حَوْلَهُ} [الإسراء: ١] ثُمَّ سَارَ بِهِ الْمَلَكُ حَتَّى انْتَهَى بِهِ إِلَى مُنْتَهَى مُنْقَطِعِ عِلْمِ أَهْلِ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ، فَقَالَ: {وَلَقَدْ رَآهُ نَزْلَةً أُخْرَى عِنْدَ سِدْرَةِ الْمُنْتَهَى} [النجم: ١٤] فَانْتَهَى الْعِلْمُ إِلَيْهِمَا مِنْ قِبَلِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ خَاصَّةً دُونَ وَلَدِ آدَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ؛ لِأَنَّ بَنِي آدَمَ قَدْ شَغَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِأَنْفُسِهِمْ عَنِ النَّظَرِ فِي مَلَكُوتِ الْأَعْلَى، فَقَالَ: {وَفِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَفَلَا تُبْصِرُونَ} [الذاريات: ٢١]
