903 - 'Ismah ibn 'Isam informed me, saying: Hanbal narrated to us, saying: I heard Abu 'Abd Allah say: "The actions of the servants are created, and the actions of the servants are decreed by a Qada' (divine decree) and Qadar (predestination)." I asked: "Are good and evil written upon the servants?" He said: "Sins are by decree." He said: "And I heard 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi say: 'Sins are by decree.'" Abu 'Abd Allah said: "Good and evil are by decree, obedience and disobedience are by decree, and the actions of the servants are all by decree." Hanbal said, reporting from a man who reported from 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi: "Whoever says that sins are not by decree has fabricated a great lie against Allah." Abu 'Abd Allah remarked: "How excellent is what 'Abd al-Rahman said." Abu 'Abd Allah added: "Whoever does not believe in the decree and rejects it has opposed Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, in His command, has rejected what the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) brought, and has denied the Quran and what Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, has revealed. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: 'Act, for everyone is facilitated towards that which he was created for.' As for whoever is among the people of the Fire, he is one of them, and whoever is among the people of Paradise, he is one of them. The actions of the servants are created and decreed upon them by Qada' and Qadar; good and evil are written upon the servants, and sins are by decree." Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, says: {Indeed, We have created all things with a decree} [Al-Qamar: 49]."
٩٠٣ - أَخْبَرَنِي عِصْمَةُ بْنُ عِصَامٍ، قَالَ: ثَنَا حَنْبَلٌ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: أَفَاعِيلُ الْعِبَادُ مَخْلُوقَةٌ، وَأَفَاعِيلُ الْعِبَادِ مَقْضِيَّةٌ بِقَضَاءٍ وَقَدَرٍ، قُلْتُ: الْخَيْرُ وَالشَّرُّ مَكْتُوبَانِ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ، قَالَ: الْمَعَاصِي بِقَدَرٍ، قَالَ: وَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ يَقُولُ: الْمَعَاصِي بِقَدَرٍ، قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: وَالْخَيْرُ وَالشَّرُّ بِقَدَرٍ، وَالطَّاعَةُ وَالْمَعْصِيَةُ بِقَدَرٍ، وَأَفَاعِيلُ الْعِبَادِ كُلُّهَا بِقَدَرٍ "، وَقَالَ حَنْبَلٌ: عَنْ رَجُلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ قَالَ: مَنْ قَالَ: الْمَعَاصِي لَيْسَ بِقَدَرٍ فَقَدْ أَعْظَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْفِرْيَةَ، قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: مَا أَحْسَنَ مَا قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ. قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ: فَمَنْ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِالْقَدَرِ، وَرَدَّهُ فَقَدْ صَادَّ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي أَمْرِهِ، وَرَدَّ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ، وَجَحَدَ الْقُرْآنَ، وَمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اعْمَلُوا فَكُلٌّ مُيَسَّرٌ لِمَا خُلِقَ لَهُ» ، أَمَّا مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا، وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا، وَأَفَاعِيلُ الْعِبَادِ مَخْلُوقَةٌ مَقْضِيَّةٌ عَلَيْهِمْ بِقَضَاءٍ وَقَدَرٍ، وَالْخَيْرُ وَالشَّرُّ مَكْتُوبَانِ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ، وَالْمَعَاصِي بِقَدَرٍ، قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ} [القمر: ٤٩]
