• (1) Al-Karajī al-Qaṣṣāb, may Allah have mercy on him, said in Nukat al-Qurʾān (3/399) regarding this verse: "It is evidence that Allah, Majestic is His Majesty, is Himself in the heaven; because the pronoun in {to Him} refers back to Allah, the Lord of the ways of ascent. If He were with them on the earth—as they claim and fabricate against Him—there would be no meaning to mentioning the ascent to Him. Thus, He has clarified—without any ambiguity—the error of their statement to the ignorant people they confuse, even though it is not ambiguous to most of them, by the praise and grace of Allah." End quote.

• (2) Al-Karajī al-Qaṣṣāb, may Allah have mercy on him, said in Nukat al-Qurʾān (2/68) regarding this verse: "It is evidence that Allah, Majestic is His Majesty, is with His Essence in the heaven, over the Throne. By Allah, it is among the great calamities that the ignorant Mu'tazilites and Jahmīs, and the foolishness of their intellects, compel us to establish this against them, when it is something not hidden from a black Nubian slave girl." —Then he mentioned the hadith of the Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, and his saying to the slave girl: "Where is Allah?", to which she replied: "In the heaven." Its mention will come shortly.—

Al-Karajī also said: "These ignorant enemies of Allah claim that He is on the earth Himself just as He is in the heaven, and that He is in every place on land, sea, and air. They deny that He is over the Throne; Glorified and Exalted is He far above what they say. How could it be as they say—may Allah curse them—when He says: {They fear their Lord from above them}... etc."

Ibn al-Qayyim said: "The aboveness of the Lord has come paired with 'from', such as His statement: {They fear their Lord from above them}. This is explicit regarding the aboveness of the Essence, and it is not valid to interpret it as an aboveness of rank, because the people of the language do not use it in that way." End quote.

[Mukhtaṣar al-Ṣawāʿiq (3/1064)]

I say: These verses that al-Dashtī, may Allah have mercy on him, used as evidence here were mentioned by al-Dārimī in his book Al-Naqḍ (p. 58), where he said: "Whoever claims that Allah does not have Al-Ḥadd has rejected the Qur'an and claimed that He is nothing; because Allah has defined His place in many places in His Book." Then he mentioned the verses and said: "All of this and what is similar to it are testimonies and evidences for Al-Ḥadd, and whoever does not acknowledge it has disbelieved