Ithbāt al-Ḥadd by al-Dashtī — Edited by ‘Ādil Āl Ḥamdān

what is other than the direction parallel to the Throne, and they are above, behind, in front, right, and left.

And the difference between the direction of below that is parallel to the Throne and other than it is what we mentioned, that the direction of below is parallel to the Throne by what has been established from the evidence, and the Throne is delimited, so it is permissible that what is parallel to it from the Essence be described as Al-Ḥadd and a direction. And it is not like that regarding what is other than it; because it is not parallel to what is delimited, rather it continues to the right and the left, and above and in front, and behind without end; therefore, not one of those is described with Al-Ḥadd and direction.

And the direction of the Throne is parallel to what faces it from the direction of the Essence, and it is not parallel to the entirety of the Essence because it has no end.

I say: This by which he reconciled between the two statements of Aḥmad, and affirmed Al-Ḥadd and direction from the side of the Throne and below excluding the five directions, contradicts what he interpreted the statement of Aḥmad with initially from the interpretation conforming to his explicit words (1), where he said:

(1) Shaykh al-Islām also quoted this statement in (3/736) and commented on it with his statement: I say: What he mentioned in the interpretation of Aḥmad's statement is incorrect. Rather, Aḥmad's statement is as he first said: where he negated it, he negated the definer defining Him and knowing His limit (Al-Ḥadd), and where he affirmed it, he affirmed it for Himself. The term Al-Ḥadd is applied to the reality of the limited entity, whether as an attribute, an extent, or both combined. It is also applied to the knowledge and statement indicating the limited entity. As for what the judge (al-Qāḍī) mentioned regarding the affirmation of Al-Ḥadd only from the direction of the Throne, his statements have differed concerning this. It is the view of a group of the people of the Sunna, but the majority hold the contrary view, which is the correct one.

what is other than the direction parallel to the Throne, and they are above, behind, in front, right, and left.

And the direction of the Throne is parallel to what faces it from the direction of the Essence, and it is not parallel to the entirety of the Essence because it has no end.

(1) Shaykh al-Islām also quoted this statement in (3/736) and commented on it with his statement: I say: What he mentioned in the interpretation of Aḥmad's statement is incorrect. Rather, Aḥmad's statement is as he first said: where he negated it, he negated the definer defining Him and knowing His limit (Al-Ḥadd), and where he affirmed it, he affirmed it for Himself. The term Al-Ḥadd is applied to the reality of the limited entity, whether as an attribute, an extent, or both combined. It is also applied to the knowledge and statement indicating the limited entity. As for what the judge (al-Qāḍī) mentioned regarding the affirmation of Al-Ḥadd only from the direction of the Throne, his statements have differed concerning this. It is the view of a group of the people of the Sunna, but the majority hold the contrary view, which is the correct one.

Translation · EN

Notes

Translation · EN

Notes