Tafsir at-Tabari: Jami' al-Bayan - Dar al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turath Edition

Volume 1 · Page 193

Translation · EN

AI translation

If someone were to say to us: Who are those who earned anger, whom God—may His praise be exalted—commanded us to ask Him not to make us among them?

It is said: They are those whom God—may His praise be exalted—described in His Revelation, saying: {Say, "Shall I inform you of [what is] worse than that as penalty from God? [It is that of] those whom God has cursed and with whom He became angry and made of them apes and pigs and slaves of tyrant deity. Those are worse in position and further astray from the sound way."} [Surah al-Māʾida: 60]. So He—may His remembrance be exalted—informed us there of what punishment He brought down upon them due to their disobedience to Him. Then He taught us, as a favor from Him upon us and out of compassion for us, the way to salvation from having exemplary punishments like those that befell them befall us.

If it is said: And what is the evidence that they are these very ones whom God described and whose news He mentioned in His Revelation as you described? It is said:

193 - Aḥmad ibn al-Walīd al-Ramlī narrated to me, he said: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jaʿfar al-Raqqī narrated to us, he said: Sufyān ibn ʿUyayna narrated to us, from Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Khālid, from al-Shaʿbī, from ʿAdī ibn Ḥātim, he said: The Messenger of God—peace and blessings of God be upon him—said to me: "Those who earned anger are the Jews."

194 - Muḥammad ibn al-Muthannā narrated to us, he said: Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar narrated to us, he said: Shuʿba narrated to us, from Simāk ibn Ḥarb, he said: I heard ʿAbbād ibn Ḥubaysh narrating from ʿAdī ibn Ḥātim, he said: The Messenger of God—peace and blessings of God be upon him—said to me: "Indeed, those who earned anger are the Jews."

Notes

(1) They changed it in the printed edition to "bi-mannihi"; and thamma and thammata (with a fatḥa on the thāʾ) are demonstrative pronouns for what is distant, in the position of "here" (hunā) for what is near.
(2) Al-Mathulāt is the plural of mathula (with a fatḥa, then a ḍamma, then a fatḥa): it means punishment and exemplary chastisement.
(3) Hadith 193 – This Chain of transmission is Sahih (Authentic), and part of this hadith will also come with this Chain of transmission in 207. Its citation will come in 195.
(4) Hadith 194 – And this Chain of transmission is also Sahih (Authentic). ʿAbbād ibn Ḥubaysh—with a ḍamma on the unpointed ḥāʾ, a fatḥa on the single-dotted bāʾ, and ending with a pointed shīn—al-Kūfī; Ibn Ḥibbān mentioned him in al-Thiqāt, and Ibn Abī Ḥātim in 3/1/78. And part of the hadith will also come in 208 with this Chain of transmission.

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Arabic (Source)

فإن قال لنا قائل: فمنْ هؤلاء المغضوبُ عليهم، الذين أمرنا الله جل ثناؤه بمسألته أن لا يجعلنا منهم؟قيل: هم الذين وصفهم الله جَلّ ثناؤه في تنزيله فقال: (قُلْ هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَثُوبَةً عِنْدَ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ وَغَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ وَعَبَدَ الطَّاغُوتَ أُولَئِكَ شَرٌّ مَكَانًا وَأَضَلُّ عَنْ سَوَاءِ السَّبِيلِ) [سورة المائدة: ٦٠] . فأعلمنا جلّ ذكره ثَمَّة (١) ، ما أحَلَّ بهم من عقوبته بمعصيتهم إياه. ثم علمنا، منّهً منه علينا، وجه السبيل إلى النجاة من أن يَحِلَّ بنا مثل الذي حَلّ بهم من المَثُلات، ورأفة منه بنا (٢) .فإن قيل: وما الدليلُ على أنهم أولاء الذين وصفَهم الله وذكر نبأهم في تنزيله على ما وصفت؟ قيل:١٩٣ - حدثني أحمد بن الوليد الرملي، قال: حدثنا عبد الله بن جعفر الرقي، قال: حدثنا سفيان بن عيينة، عن إسماعيل بن أبي خالد، عن الشعبي، عن عديّ بن حاتم، قال: قال لي رسول الله ﷺ: المغضوبُ عليهم، اليهود (٣) .١٩٤- حدثنا محمد بن المثنى، قال: حدثنا محمد بن جعفر، قال: حدثنا شعبة، عن سماك بن حرب، قال: سمعت عباد بن حُبيش يحدث، عن عدي بن حاتم، قال: قال لي رسول الله ﷺ: إنّ المغضوبَ عليهم اليهود (٤) .

Notes

(١) بدلوها في المطبوعة إلى "بمنه"؛ وثم وثمة (بفتح الثاء) : إشارة للبعيد بمنزلة "هنا" للقريب.(٢) المثلات جمع مثلة (بفتح فضم ففتح) : وهي العقوبة والتنكيل.(٣) الحديث ١٩٣ - هذا إسناد صحيح، وسيأتي بعض هذا الحديث أيضًا بهذا الإسناد ٢٠٧. وتخريجه سيأتي في ١٩٥.(٤) الحديث ١٩٤ - وهذا إسناد صحيح أيضًا. عباد بن حبيش، بضم الحاء المهملة وفتح الباء الموحدة ولآخره شين معجمة، الكوفي، ذكره ابن حبان في الثقات، وابن أبي حاتم ٣ / ١ / ٧٨. وبعض الحديث سيأتي أيضًا ٢٠٨ بهذا الإسناد.