into two categories (1), making one of them sealed upon his heart, stamped, with no hope of his return (2), and the other a hypocrite, showing off by outwardly displaying faith while concealing hypocrisy inwardly. Thus He made the disbelievers into two categories, just as He made the believers at the beginning of the Surah into two categories. Then He made known to His servants the description and attribute of each class of them, and what He prepared for each group among them of reward or punishment, censuring those deserving censure among them, and commending the striving of those obedient among them.

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The commentary on the interpretation of His statement, Exalted be His praise: ﴿And perform﴾

And its performance (iqāmah): is carrying it out—with its boundaries, its obligatory duties, and what is obligatory within it—as it was made obligatory upon them. Just as it is said: "The people established (aqāma) their market," when they do not suspend buying and selling in it, and as the poet said:

We established for the people of the two Iraqs the market of fighting, so they cowered and all turned away (3)

282- And as Muḥammad ibn Ḥumayd narrated to us, he said: Salamah ibn al-Faḍl narrated to us, from Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq, from Muḥammad ibn Abī Muḥammad, the freed slave of Zayd ibn Thābit, from ʿIkrimah or from Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, from Ibn ʿAbbās: "And perform the Prayer," he said: Those who perform the Prayer with its obligatory duties.

283- Abū Kurayb narrated to us, he said: ʿUthmān ibn Saʿīd narrated to us, from Bishr ibn ʿUmārah, from Abū Rawq, from al-Ḍaḥḥāk, from Ibn ʿAbbās: "And perform the Prayer," he said: The performance of