Tafsir at-Tabari: Jami' al-Bayan - Dar al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turath Edition

Volume 1 · Page 266

Translation · EN

AI translation

Would you not ask Banū Dhubyān what my lineage is ... when smoke veils the gray-haired, stingy man? (1)

He means by that: covered him and mingled with him.

And Allah, May His Remembrance Be Exalted, only informed His Prophet Muḥammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him, concerning those who disbelieved in him from among the Jewish rabbis, that He had sealed their hearts and stamped them—so they do not comprehend any admonition Allah, Blessed and Exalted be He, admonished them with, in what He granted them of knowledge of what is with them of His Books, and in what He defined in His Book which He revealed and sent down to His Prophet Muḥammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him, and upon their hearing, so they do not hear from Muḥammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him, the Prophet of Allah, any warning, reminder, or proof he established against them through his prophethood, so that they might remember and fear the punishment of Allah, Mighty and Majestic, for their denying him, despite their knowledge of his truthfulness and the sound truth of his matter. And He informed him along with that that upon their sights is a veil preventing them from seeing the path of guidance, so that they might realize the ugliness of the misguidance and destruction they are upon.

And according to the like of what we said regarding that, the report has been narrated from a group of the people of interpretation:

307- Ibn Ḥumayd narrated to us, he said: Salamah narrated to us, from Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq, from Muḥammad ibn Abī Muḥammad, the freed slave of Zayd ibn Thābit, from ʿIkrimah, or from Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, from Ibn ʿAbbās: {Allah has set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing, and over their vision is a veil}, meaning: from guidance, that they may never reach it, other than what they denied you of the truth that came to you from your Lord, until they believe in it, even if they believed in everything that was before you. (2)

308- Mūsā ibn Hārūn al-Hamdānī narrated to me, he said: ʿAmr ibn Ḥammād narrated to us, he said: Asbāṭ narrated to us, from al-Suddī in a report he mentioned from Abū Mālik, and from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Ibn ʿAbbās—and from Murrah al-Hamdānī, from Ibn Masʿūd, and from some people among the Companions of the Messenger

Notes

(1) His Dīwān: 52. Al-ashmaṭ: the person whose head has turned gray from old age. Al-baram: the person who does not join the people in gambling (al-maysir). Ibn Qutayba said in al-Maʿānī al-Kabīr (410, 1238): "He specifically mentioned the gray-haired man because he has grown old and weak, so he comes to the places of meat."
(2) Report 307—Al-Suyūṭī mentioned it (1/29) connected to what passed: 295, 299, and to what comes: 311. He cited them as a single context.

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Arabic (Source)

هَلا سَأَلْتِ بَنِي ذُبيَان مَا حَسَبي ... إذَا الدُّخانُ تَغَشَّى الأشمَط البَرَمَا (١)يعني بذلك: تجلّله وَخالطه.وإنما أخبر الله تعالى ذكره نبيه محمدًا ﷺ عن الذين كفروا به من أحبار اليهود، أنه قد خَتَم على قلوبهم وطَبَع عليها - فلا يعقلون لله تبارك وتعالى موعظةً وعظهم بها، فيما آتاهم من علم ما عندهم من كُتبِه، وفيما حدَّد في كتابه الذي أوحاه وأنزله إلى نبيّه محمد ﷺ وعلى سمعهم، فلا يسمَعُون من محمد ﷺ نبيِّ الله تحذيرًا ولا تذكيرًا ولا حجةً أقامها عليهم بنبوَّته، فيتذكُروا ويحذروا عقاب الله عز وجل في تكذيبهم إياه، مع علمهم بصدقه وصحّة أمره. وأعلمه مع ذلك أنّ على أبصارهم غشاوةً عن أن يُبصروا سبيل الهُدَى، فيعلموا قُبْحَ ما هم عليه من الضلالة والرَّدَى.وبنحو ما قلنا في ذلك، رُوي الخبر عن جماعة من أهل التأويل:٣٠٧- حدثنا ابن حميد، قال: حدثنا سلمة، عن محمد بن إسحاق، عن محمد بن أبي محمد مولى زيد بن ثابت، عن عكرمة، أو عن سعيد بن جبير، عن ابن عباس: (خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَعَلَى سَمْعِهِمْ وَعَلَى أَبْصَارِهِمْ غِشَاوَةٌ) ، أيْ عن الهدى أن يُصيبوه أبدًا بغير ما كذبوك به من الحقّ الذي جاءك من ربِّك، حتى يؤمنوا به، وإن آمنوا بكل ما كان قبلك (٢) .٣٠٨- حدثني موسى بن هارون الهمداني، قال: حدثنا عمرو بن حماد، قال: حدثنا أسباط، عن السُّدّيّ في خبر ذكره عن أبي مالك، وعن أبي صالح، عن ابن عباس - وعن مُرّة الهمداني، عن ابن مسعود، وعن ناس من أصحاب رسول

Notes

(١) ديوانه: ٥٢. والأشمط: الذي شاب رأسه من الكبر، والبرم: الذي لا يدخل مع القوم في الميسر. قال ابن قتيبة في المعاني الكبير ٤١٠، ١٢٣٨: "وإنما خص الأشمط، لأنه قد كبر وضعف، فهو يأتي مواضع اللحم".(٢) الخبر ٣٠٧- ذكره السيوطي ١: ٢٩ متصلا بما مضى: ٢٩٥، ٢٩٩ وبما يأتي: ٣١١. ساقها سياقًا واحدًا.