Tafsir at-Tabari: Jami' al-Bayan - Dar al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turath Edition

Volume 1 · Page 346

Translation · EN

AI translation

457- ʿAmr ibn ʿAlī narrated to us, he said: Abū ʿĀṣim narrated to us, he said: ʿĪsā narrated to us, from Ibn Abī Najīḥ, from Mujāhid, the like of it.

458- And Bishr ibn Muʿādh narrated to us, he said: Yazīd ibn Zurayʿ narrated to us, from Saʿīd, from Qatāda, regarding the statement of God: {"In it are darknesses, thunder, and lightning"} to His statement {"and when it turns dark over them, they stand still"}, that the hypocrite, when he sees in Islam ease, tranquility, or comfort of life, says: "I am with you, and I am from among you." But when a hardship afflicts him, by God, he stumbles and falters at that point and becomes stranded; he does not bear its trial with patience, nor does he seek its reward, nor does he hope for its outcome.

459- And al-Ḥasan ibn Yaḥyā narrated to us, he said: ʿAbd al-Razzāq informed us, he said: Maʿmar informed us, from Qatāda: {"In it are darknesses, thunder, and lightning"}, he says: The most cowardly of people; they do not hear anything without thinking that they will perish in it, out of fear of death, and God encompasses the disbelievers. Then He struck another parable for them, saying: {"The lightning almost snatches away their sight; whenever it flashes for them, they walk in it"}, he says: This hypocrite, when his wealth increases, his livestock increases, and well-being touches him, says: "Nothing has touched me since I entered this religion of mine except good." {"And when it turns dark over them, they stand still"}, he says: When their wealth disappears, their livestock perishes, and affliction befalls them, they stand still in bewilderment.

460- Al-Muthannā narrated to me, he said: Isḥāq ibn al-Ḥajjāj narrated to us, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Jaʿfar, from his father, from al-Rabīʿ ibn Anas: {"In it are darknesses, thunder, and lightning"}, he said: Their similitude is

Notes

(1) Report 458: In al-Durr al-Manthūr 1:33, and it is part of Qatāda's report in its entirety, and its text there is: "So if the hypocrite sees tranquility, well-being, prosperity, and comfort of living from Islam, they say: 'We are with you and of you.' But if he sees hardship and affliction from Islam, he falters (qaḥqaḥa) at the hardship, so he does not patiently endure its affliction, nor does he seek the reward for it, nor does he hope for its outcome." His statement in al-Durr al-Manthūr, "qaḥqaḥa", I think is an error, and it is rather ḥaqḥaqa as in the manuscripts of al-Ṭabarī. And al-ḥaqḥaqa is the fastest pace and the most tiring for the mount's back. He means that he speeds up rapidly in his bewilderment until exhaustion destroys him, and that is because the hypocrite does not patiently endure affliction with the patience of the believer who is content with what God willed and decreed. His statement "fanqaṭaʿa bihi" (he was cut off) is in the passive voice; it is said of a beast and a man "quṭiʿa bihi" and "unquṭiʿa bihi" in the passive voice, when he becomes incapacitated and cannot rise, and a matter comes to him that he cannot move with, and his hope is cut off. In the manuscript it is "fataqaṭṭaʿa bihi", which is nothing. In the printed edition: "And if hardship befalls him."
(2) In the printed edition: "He informed about a people", which is meaningless speech.
(3) Report 459: I did not find it with its exact wording, and Qatāda's report in al-Durr al-Manthūr 1:33 is similar to it in meaning but not in wording.

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Arabic (Source)

٤٥٧- حدثنا عمرو بن علي، قال: حدثنا أبو عاصم، قال: حدثنا عيسى، عن ابن أبي نَجيح، عن مجاهد، مثله.٤٥٨- وحدثنا بشر بن معاذ، قال: حدثنا يزيد بن زُرَيع، عن سعيد، عن قتادة، في قول الله:"فيه ظلماتٌ ورعدٌ وبرقٌ" إلى قوله"وإذا أظلم عليهم قاموا"، فالمنافق إذا رأى في الإسلام رخاءً أو طمأنينة أو سَلوة من عَيش، قال: أنا معكم وأنا منكم، وإذا أصابته شَديدةٌ حَقحقَ والله عندها، فانقُطعَ به، فلم يصبر على بلائها، ولم يَحتسب أجرَها، ولم يَرْجُ عاقبتها (١) .٤٥٩- وحدثنا الحسن بن يحيى، قال: أخبرنا عبد الرزّاق، قال: أخبرنا مَعمر، عن قتادة:"فيه ظلمات ورعد وبرق"، يقول: أجبنُ قوم (٢) لا يسمعون شيئًا إلا إذا ظنوا أنهم هالكون فيه حَذرًا من الموت، والله مُحيطٌ بالكافرين. ثم ضرب لهم مَثلا آخر فقال:"يكادُ البرقُ يخطف أبصارَهم كلما أضاء لهم مشوا فيه"، يقول: هذا المنافق، إذا كثر ماله، وكثرت ماشيته، وأصابته عافية قال: لم يُصبني منذُ دخلت في ديني هذا إلا خيرٌ."وإذا أظلم عليهم قاموا" يقول: إذا ذهبت أموالهم، وهلكت مواشيهم، وأصَابهم البلاءُ، قاموا متحيرين (٣) .٤٦٠- حدثني المثنى، قال: حدثنا إسحاق بن الحجاج، عن عبد الله بن أبي جعفر، عن أبيه، عن الربيع بن أنس:"فيه ظلمات ورعد وبرق"، قال: مَثَلُهم

Notes

(١) الأثر ٤٥٨- في الدر المنثور ١: ٣٣، وهو جزء من أثر قتادة بتمامه، ونصه هناك: "فإذا رأى المنافق من الإسلام طمأنينة وعافية ورخاء وسلوة عيش، قالوا: إنا معكم ومنكم. وإذا رأى من الإسلام شدة وبلاء، فقحقح عند الشدة، فلا يصبر لبلائها، ولم يحتسب أجرها، ولم يرج عاقبتها". وقوله في الدر المنثور"قحقح"، أظنه خطأ، وإنما هو حقحق كما في أصول الطبري. والحقحقة: أرفع السير وأتعبه للظهر. يريد أنه يسرع إسراعًا في حيرته حتى يهلكه التعب، وذلك أن المنافق لا يصبر على البلوى صبر المؤمن الراضي بما شاء الله وقدر. وقوله"فانقطع به" بالبناء للمجهول يقال للدابة وللرجل"قطع به وانقطع به" بالبناء للمجهول، إذا عجز فلم ينهض، وأتاه أمر لا يقدر على أن يتحرك معه، وانقطع رجاؤه. وفي المخطوطة"فتقطع به" وليست بشيء. وفي المطبوعة: "وإذا أصابته شدة".(٢) في المطبوعة: "أخبر عن قوم"، وهو كلام بلا معنى.(٣) الأثر ٤٥٩- لم أجده بلفظه، وأثر قتادة في الدر المنثور ١: ٣٣ شبيه به في المعنى دون اللفظ.