Tafsir at-Tabari: Jami' al-Bayan - Dar al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turath Edition

Volume 1 · Page 367

Translation · EN

AI translation

Mention of those who said: He intended by that the people of the two Scriptures:

488- Abū Kurayb narrated to us, saying: Wakīʿ narrated to us, on the authority of Sufyān, on the authority of a man, on the authority of Mujāhid: "So do not set up rivals to Allah while you know," that He is One God in the Torah and the Gospel.

489- Al-Muthannā ibn Ibrāhīm narrated to me, saying: Qabīṣa narrated to us, saying: Sufyān narrated to us, on the authority of Mujāhid, the like of it.

490- Al-Muthannā narrated to me, saying: Abū Ḥudhayfa narrated to us, saying: Shibl narrated to us, on the authority of Ibn Abī Najīḥ, on the authority of Mujāhid: "while you know," he says: while you know that there is no rival to Him in the Torah and the Gospel.

Abū Jaʿfar said: And I reckon that what led Mujāhid to this interpretation, and to attributing this as being an address to the people of the Torah and the Gospel to the exclusion of others, was his supposition regarding the Arabs that they did not know that Allah was their Creator and Provider, because of their denial of their Lord's Oneness and their associating others with Him in worship. And that is indeed a opinion! However, Allah—may His praise be exalted—has informed in His Book regarding them that they used to acknowledge His Oneness, except that they associated in His worship that which they associated. So He—may His praise be exalted—said: {And if you ask them who created them, they will surely say, "Allah"} [Sūrat al-Zukhruf: 87], and He said: {Say, "Who provides for you from the heaven and the earth? Or who controls hearing and sight? And who brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living? And who arranges every matter?" They will say, "Allah." So say, "Then will you not fear Him?"} [Sūrat Yūnus: 31].

Notes

(1) Chain of transmission 489—Qabīṣa, with a fatḥa on the qāf: he is Ibn ʿUqba ibn Muḥammad al-Suwāʾī al-Kūfī. He is a trustworthy narrator (thiqa) of recognized status, among the teachers of al-Bukhārī, and the authors of the Six Books transmitted from him. Some criticized his narration from Sufyān al-Thawrī, noting that he erred in some of his narrations because he heard from al-Thawrī when he was young; however, al-Bukhārī did not discredit him in al-Kabīr (4/1/177), and Ibn Saʿd said in al-Ṭabaqāt (6/281): "He was trustworthy, truthful, and narrated many hadiths from Sufyān al-Thawrī." Ibn Abī Ḥātim asked (al-Jarḥ wa-al-Taʿdīl 3/2/126) his father about Qabīṣa and Abū Ḥudhayfa, and he replied: "Qabīṣa is more esteemed to me, and he is truthful. I have not seen anyone among the traditionists deliver the hadith in the exact same wording without altering it except Qabīṣa ibn ʿUqba, ʿAlī ibn al-Jaʿd, and Abū Nuʿaym—concerning al-Thawrī."
(2) Report 490—mentioned by Ibn Kathīr (1/105) and al-Durr al-Manthūr (1/35) in similar terms.

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Arabic (Source)

ذكر من قال: عني بذلك أهلَ الكتابين:٤٨٨- حدثنا أبو كريب، قال: حدثنا وكيع، عن سفيان، عن رجل، عن مجاهد:"فلا تجعلوا لله أندادًا وأنتم تعلمون"، أنه إله واحدٌ في التوراة والإنجيل.٤٨٩- حدثني المثنى بن إبراهيم، قال: حدثنا قَبيصة، قال: حدثنا سفيان، عن مجاهد، مثله (١) .٤٩٠- حدثني المثنى، قال: حدثنا أبو حُذيفة، قال: حدثنا شِبْل، عن ابن أبي نَجيح، عن مجاهد:"وأنتم تعلمون"، يقول: وأنتم تعلمون أنّه لا ندّ له في التوراة والإنجيل (٢) .قال أبو جعفر: وأحسَِب أن الذي دَعا مجاهدًا إلى هذا التأويل، وإضافة ذلك إلى أنه خطاب لأهل التوراة والإنجيل دُون غيرهم - الظنُّ منه بالعرب أنها لم تكن تعلم أنّ اللهَ خالقها ورازقها، بجحودها وحدانيةَ ربِّها، وإشراكها معه في العبادة غيره. وإنّ ذلك لَقولٌ! ولكنّ الله جلّ ثناؤه قد أخبرَ في كتابه عنها أنها كانت تُقر بوحدانيته، غير أنها كانت تُشرك في عبادته ما كانت تُشرك فيها، فقال جل ثناؤه: (وَلَئِنْ سَأَلْتَهُمْ مَنْ خَلَقَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ اللَّهُ) [سورة الزخرف: ٨٧] ، وقال: (قُلْ مَنْ يَرْزُقُكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأرْضِ أَمَّنْ يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ وَالأبْصَارَ وَمَنْ يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَمَنْ يُدَبِّرُ الأمْرَ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللَّهُ فَقُلْ أَفَلا تَتَّقُونَ) [سورة يونس: ٣١] .

Notes

(١) الإسناد ٤٨٩- قبيصة، بفتح القاف: هو ابن عقبة بن محمد السوائي الكوفي، وهو ثقة معروف، من شيوخ البخاري، وأخرج له أصحاب الكتب الستة، تكلم بعضهم في روايته عن سفيان الثوري، بأنه يخطئ في بعض روايته، بأنه سمع من الثوري صغيرًا، ولكن لم يجرحه البخاري في الكبير ٤/١/١٧٧، وقال ابن سعد في الطبقات ٦: ٢٨١: "كان ثقة صدوقًا، كثير الحديث عن سفيان الثوري". وسأل ابن أبي حاتم (الجرح ٣/٢/١٢٦) أباه عن قبيصة وأبي حذيفة، فقال: "قبيصة أجل عندي، وهو صدوق. لم أر أحدًا من المحدثين يأتي بالحديث على لفظ واحد لا يغيره، سوى قبيصة بن عقبة، وعلي بن الجعد، وأبي نعيم - في الثوري".(٢) الأثر ٤٩٠- ذكره ابن كثير ١: ١٠٥، والدر المنثور ١: ٣٥، بنحوه.