Not disobeying, nor committing anything You dislike?" He said: "Indeed, I know that which you do not know"—he said: I know within you and among you—though He did not disclose it to them—disobedience, corruption, shedding of blood, and committing what I dislike from them, of that which will take place on earth, among what I have mentioned regarding the children of Adam. God said to Muḥammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him: {I had no knowledge of the highest assembly when they disputed. It is only revealed to me that I am a clear warner. When your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I am going to create a human being from clay. So when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My spirit, fall down to him in prostration."} [Ṣād: 69–72]. So He mentioned to His Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, that which took place regarding His mention of Adam when He willed to create him, and the angels' reviewing with Him regarding what He mentioned to them about him. When God—exalted be His remembrance—resolved to create Adam, He said to the angels: "Indeed, I am creating a human being from sounding clay, from altered dark mud, with My hands"—as an honor to him, a magnification of his status, and an ennoblement of him—the angels kept His covenant, comprehended His statement, and agreed upon obedience, except for the enemy of God, Iblīs, for he remained silent about what was in his soul of envy, transgression, arrogance, and disobedience. And God created Adam from the surface layer of the earth, from sticky clay, from altered dark mud, with His hands, as an honor to him, a magnification of his status, and an ennoblement of him over the rest of His creation. Ibn Isḥāq said: So it is said—and God knows best—God created Adam then placed him, looking at him for forty years before breathing the spirit into him, until he became sounding clay like pottery, and no Hellfire touched him. He said: So it is said—and God knows best—that when the spirit reached his head, he sneezed and said: "Praise be to God!" So his Lord said to him: "May your Lord have mercy on you." And when he stood upright, the angels fell down in prostration to him, keeping the covenant of God which He had pledged to them, and in obedience to His command that He had commanded them. But the enemy of God, Iblīs, stood up from among them and did not prostrate, out of arrogance, pride, transgression, and envy. So He said to him: {O Iblīs, what prevented you from prostrating to what I created with My hands?} up to {I will surely fill Hell with you and with those who follow you among them, all together.} [Sūrat Ṣād: 75–85].

He said: So when God finished with Iblīs and His reprimand of him, and he refused everything except disobedience, He cast the curse upon him and expelled him from Paradise. Then He turned to Adam, having taught him all the names, and said: "O Adam,