642- Aḥmad ibn Isḥāq narrated to us, he said: Abū Aḥmad narrated to us, he said: Misʿar narrated to us, from Abū Ḥaṣīn, from Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, he said: Adam was created from the surface of the earth, so he was named Adam.

643- Ibn al-Muthannā narrated to us, he said: Abū Dāwūd narrated to us, he said: Shuʿba narrated to us, from Abū Ḥaṣīn, from Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, he said: He was only named Adam because he was created from the surface of the earth (1).

644- Mūsā ibn Hārūn narrated to me, he said: ʿAmr narrated to us, he said: Asbāṭ narrated to us, from al-Suddī in a report he mentioned, from Abū Mālik, and from Abū Ṣāliḥ, from Ibn ʿAbbās—and from Murra, from Ibn Masʿūd, and from some of the Companions of the Prophet (Peace and blessings of God be upon him): When the Angel of Death was sent to take soil for Adam from the earth, he took from the face of the earth and mixed it; he did not take from a single place. He took from red, white, and black soil, and for that reason the children of Adam came out varied. And for that reason he was named Adam, because he was taken from the surface of the earth (2).

And a report has been narrated from the Messenger of God (Peace and blessings of God be upon him) confirming what was said by those whose statement we cited regarding the meaning of Adam. And that is what—

645- Yaʿqūb ibn Ibrāhīm narrated to me, he said: Ibn ʿUlayya narrated to us, from ʿAwf—and Muḥammad ibn Bashshār and ʿUmar ibn Shabba narrated to us, they said: Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd narrated to us—he said: ʿAwf narrated to us—and Ibn Bashshār narrated to us, he said: Ibn Abī ʿAdī, Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar, and ʿAbd al-Wahhāb al-Thaqafī narrated to us, they said: ʿAwf narrated to us—and Muḥammad ibn ʿUmāra al-Asadī narrated to me, he said: Ismāʿīl ibn Abān narrated to us, he said: ʿAnbasa narrated to us—from ʿAwf al-Aʿrābī, from Qasāma ibn Zuhayr, from Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī, he said: The Messenger of God (Peace and blessings of God be upon him) said: "Indeed, God created Adam from a handful that He took from all of the earth, so there came

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