Tafsir at-Tabari: Jami' al-Bayan - Dar al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turath Edition

Volume 1 · Page 49434

Translation · EN

AI translation

was framed as a report about the group as a whole, renders it impermissible for what was narrated regarding the interpretation (taʾwīl) of that from Ibn ʿAbbās—and those who shared his view, that it is a report about Iblīs concealing pride and disobedience—to be authentic, then he has assumed what is incorrect. That is because it is the customary manner of the Arabs, when giving a report about some members of a group without naming a specific person, to frame the report about him in the manner of a report about all of them, such as their saying: "The army was killed and defeated," whereas only one or some of them were killed, and one or some were defeated. Thus they frame the report about the defeated and killed among them in the manner of a report about all of them, just as He, majestic be His praise, said: {Indeed, those who call out to you from behind the chambers – most of them do not use reason} (4), where it was mentioned that the one who called out to the Messenger of Allah, Peace and blessings of God be upon him, and concerning whom this verse was revealed, was a single man from a group of Banū Tamīm who had come to the Messenger of Allah, Peace and blessings of God be upon him. So He framed the report about him in the manner of a report about the group. Likewise is His statement: {and I know what you reveal and what you were concealing}, He framed the report in the manner of a report about the group as a whole, while what is intended by it is one of them.

The discourse on the interpretation (taʾwīl) of the statement of Exalted be His Remembrance: ﴿And [remember] when We said to the angels, "Prostrate to Adam"; so they prostrated, except Iblīs. He refused and was arrogant and became of the disbelievers (34)﴾

Abū Jaʿfar said: As for His statement: {And [remember] when We said}, it is conjunctive to His statement: {And [remember] when your Lord said to the angels}, as if He, majestic be His remembrance, said to the Jews—who were living in the migration destination of the Messenger of Allah, Peace and blessings of God be upon him, from the Children of Israel, enumerating His favors upon them and reminding them of His bounties, in the manner we described previously—: Remember My action with you when I bestowed My favors upon you,

This translation was produced with AI assistance and is part of an ongoing human-review process. Found a mistake? Use the feedback option in the reader menu.

Arabic (Source)

خارجًا مخرج الخبر عن الجميع، كان غيرَ جائز أن يكون ما رُوي في تأويل ذلك عن ابن عباس - ومن قال بقوله: من أن ذلك خبر عن كتمان إبليس الكبْرَ والمعصية - صحيحًا، فقد ظن غير الصواب. وذلك أنّ من شأن العرب، إذا أخبرتْ خبرًا عن بعض جماعة بغير تسمية شخص بعينه، أن تخرج الخبر عنه مخرج الخبر عن جميعهم، وذلك كقولهم:"قُتل الجيش وهُزموا"، وإنما قتل الواحد أو البعض منهم، وهزم الواحد أو البعض. فتخرج الخبر عن المهزوم منه والمقتول مخرج الخبر عن جميعهم، كما قال جل ثناؤه: (إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُنَادُونَكَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحُجُرَاتِ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لا يَعْقِلُونَ) [سورة الحجرات: ٤] ، ذُكر أن الذي نادَى رسولَ الله ﷺ فنزلت هذه الآية فيه - كان رجلا من جماعة بني تميم، كانوا قدموا على رسول الله ﷺ. فأخرج الخبر عنه مُخرج الخبر عن الجماعة. فكذلك قوله:"وأعلم ما تبدون وما كنتم تكتمون"، أخرج الخبر مُخرج الخبر عن الجميع، والمراد به الواحد منهم.* * *القول في تأويل قوله تعالى ذكره: ﴿وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلائِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلا إِبْلِيسَ أَبَى وَاسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ (٣٤) ﴾قال أبو جعفر: أمّا قوله:"وإذ قلنا" فمعطوف على قوله:"وإذ قال ربّك للملائكة"، كأنه قال جل ذكره لليهود - الذين كانوا بين ظهرانَيْ مُهاجَرِ رسول الله ﷺ من بني إسرائيل، معددًا عليهم نعَمه، ومذكِّرهم آلاءه، على نحو الذي وصفنا فيما مضى قبل-: اذكروا فعلي بكم إذ أنعمت عليكم.