Tafsir at-Tabari: Jami' al-Bayan - Dar al-Tarbiyah wa al-Turath Edition

Volume 1 · Page 525

Translation · EN

AI translation

Satan beguile you just as he caused your parents to be expelled from the Garden, stripping them of their garments to expose their private parts to them. He and his host certainly see you from where you cannot see them. We have indeed made the devils allies for those who do not believe} (27). And God said to His Prophet, peace be upon him: {Say, "I seek refuge with the Lord of mankind, the Sovereign of mankind"} to the end of the surah. Then he mentioned the reports narrated from the Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, that he said: "Satan courses through the son of Adam just as blood courses" (1). Then Ibn Isḥāq said (2): "The matter of the son of Adam between him and the enemy of God is merely like his matter between him and Adam. So God said: {Go down from it, for it is not for you to act arrogantly therein. So get out; you are truly among the disgraced} (13). Then he gained access to Adam and his wife until he spoke to them, as God has narrated to us from their story, saying: {Then Satan whispered to him, saying, "O Adam, shall I guide you to the tree of immortality and a kingdom that never decays?"} (120). Thus, he reached them with what he reaches his offspring from where they do not see him—so God knows best which of that it was—and they repented to their Lord."

Abū Jaʿfar said: There is nothing in the certainty of Ibn Isḥāq—had he been certain in himself—that Iblīs did not reach Adam and his wife by addressing them with what God informed about him that he said to them and addressed them with, which would permit a person of understanding to object to the widely transmitted statements of the scholars, especially given the Book's indication of the soundness of what has been widely transmitted of that among them. So how much less so given his doubt? And from God we seek success.

Notes

(1) The hadith "Indeed, Satan flows through the son of Adam as blood flows" — a very Sahih (Authentic) hadith — was narrated by Aḥmad, the two Sheikhs [al-Bukhārī and Muslim], and Abū Dāwūd from the hadith of Anas; and it was narrated by the two Sheikhs, Abū Dāwūd, and Ibn Mājah from the hadith of Ṣafiyyah, she being the daughter of Ḥuyayy, the Mother of the Believers, as in al-Jāmiʿ al-Ṣaghīr: 2036.
(2) In the printed edition, there is an omission of: "then".

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Arabic (Source)

الشَّيْطَانُ كَمَا أَخْرَجَ أَبَوَيْكُمْ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ يَنْزِعُ عَنْهُمَا لِبَاسَهُمَا لِيُرِيَهُمَا سَوْآتِهِمَا إِنَّهُ يَرَاكُمْ هُوَ وَقَبِيلُهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لا تَرَوْنَهُمْ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا الشَّيَاطِينَ أَوْلِيَاءَ لِلَّذِينَ لا يُؤْمِنُونَ) [سورة الأعراف: ٢٧] وقد قال الله لنبيه عليه السلام: (قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ مَلِكِ النَّاسِ) إلى آخر السورة. ثم ذكر الأخبار التي رُويت عن النبي ﷺ أنه قال: إن الشيطان يجري من ابن آدمَ مَجرى الدم (١) . ثم قال ابن إسحاق (٢) : وإنما أمرُ ابن آدم فيما بينه وبين عدوِّ الله، كأمره فيما بينه وبين آدم. فقال الله: (فَاهْبِطْ مِنْهَا فَمَا يَكُونُ لَكَ أَنْ تَتَكَبَّرَ فِيهَا فَاخْرُجْ إِنَّكَ مِنَ الصَّاغِرِينَ) [سورة الأعراف: ١٣] . ثم خلص إلى آدم وزوجته حتى كلمهما، كما قصَّ الله علينا من خبرهما، فقال: (فَوَسْوَسَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانُ قَالَ يَا آدَمُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى شَجَرَةِ الْخُلْدِ وَمُلْكٍ لا يَبْلَى) [سورة طه: ١٢٠] ، فخلص إليهما بما خلص إلى ذريته من حيث لا يريانه - فالله أعلمُ أيّ ذلك كان - فتابا إلى ربهما.* * *قال أبو جعفر: وليس في يقين ابن إسحاق - لو كان قد أيقن في نفسه - أن إبليس لم يخلص إلى آدم وزوجته بالمخاطبة بما أخبر الله عنه أنه قال لهما وخاطبهما به، ما يجوز لذي فهم الاعتراضُ به على ما ورد من القول مستفيضًا من أهل العلم، مع دلالة الكتاب على صحة ما استفاض من ذلك بينهم. فكيف بشكّه؟ والله نسأل التوفيق.* * *

Notes

(١) حديث"إن الشيطان يجري من ابن آدم مجرى الدم" - حديث صحيح جدًّا - رواه أحمد والشيخان وأبو داود، من حديث أنس، ورواه الشيخان وأبو داود وابن ماجه، من حديث صفية، وهي بنت حيي، أم المؤمنين، كما في الجامع الصغير: ٢٠٣٦.(٢) في المطبوعة إسقاط: "ثم".