505 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad and al-Akhdar ibn Minjab narrated to us, they said: 'Arim narrated to us, Khalid ibn al-Harith narrated to us, he said: I heard Ubaydallah ibn al-Hasan say - concerning a man who set aside a plot of land and roofed it in the manner of mosques, then invited people to it - he considered it a mosque, whether he (the man) is living or dead. It was said to him: 'What if he stipulated that he and his household are the ones to lead prayer in it?' He opined that they have the right to that, if there is among them someone who is qualified for that - even if someone else is more proficient in recitation than him.
Chapter: Are adhan and iqamah required for women?
I asked Ahmad, I said: 'Are women required to perform the adhan and iqamah?' He treated the matter leniently, but said: 'How good is the iqamah; it is an addition,' and he saw no harm in it.
And I heard Ishaq say: 'The Sunnah has passed from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) that he said: "There is no adhan or iqamah for women," whether in travel or at home, whether they pray in congregation or individually; in the sense of obligation. However, it is more beloved to us that a woman performs the iqamah.'
506 - Amr ibn Uthman narrated to us, he said: Al-Walid ibn Muslim narrated to us, he said: I asked Abu Amr: 'And is the iqamah (required) for women?' He said: 'Yes.' I said: 'Does a woman lead other women in prayer?' He said: 'Yes, she stands in their midst.' I said to Abu Amr: 'Does she perform the adhan and iqamah?' He said: 'She performs an adhan that she keeps quiet.'
507 - Al-Walid said: 'The opinion of Malik is more beloved to me: She may lead them in voluntary prayers, but she does not lead them in obligatory prayers.'
(1) In the original it is ambiguous, and it is possible it is "yatanabbal" (to be qualified); "al-nubl" refers to intelligence and nobility. See: Lisan al-Arab (11/640).
(2) Thus it is in the original, and the correct reading is "wuhdanan" (individually).
٥٠٥ - حدثنا أحمَد بن محمد والأخضر بن منجاب، قالا: ثنا عارم، ثنا خالِد بن الحارِث، قال: سمعت عُبَيدالله بن الحسَن يقول -في رَجلٍ أَخرَج بُقعَةً، فسَقَفَها تَسقيفَ المساجِد، فدَعَى النَّاسَ إليها-؛ فَرَآها مسجدًا؛ حَيَّ هذا أو مات. فقيل له: فإن اشتَرَطَ هو وأهل بَيته هم الذين يَؤمُّون به؟ فرَأَى أن لَهم ذلك، إذا كان فيهم مِن يتنبل (١) ذلك -وإن كان غَيرُه أَقرَأ مِنه-.
باب: أَعَلَى النِّساء أَذَانٌ وإقامَة؟
• سألت أحمَد، قلت: على النِّساء أَذَان وإقامَة؟ فسَهَّلَ في ذلك، إلا أنه قال: «ما أحسن الإقامَة، هو زيادَة»، ولم يَرَ به بأسًا.
• وسمعت إسحاق يقول: «مَضَت السُّنَّة من النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أنه قال: «ليس على النِّساء أَذَانٌ ولا إقامَة»؛ في سَفَرٍ ولا حَضَر؛ إذا صَلَّينَ جَماعَةً أو واحدانًا (٢)؛ على مَعنَى الفَرض، وأَنْ تُقيم المرأة أَحَبُّ إلَينا».
٥٠٦ - حدثنا عَمرو بن عُثمان، قال: ثنا الوَليد بن مُسلِم، قال: قلت لأبي عَمرو: والإقامة على النِّساء؟ قال: «نعم». قلت: فتجمع المرأة بالنِّساء؟ قال: «نعم، تَقوم وَسطَهنّ». قلت لأبي عَمرو: فتُؤَذِّن وتُقيم؟ قال: «أَذَانًا تُخفيه».
٥٠٧ - قال الوَليد: «وقَول مالك أَحَبُّ إليَّ: تَؤمُّهنَّ في التَّطَوُّع، ولاتَؤمُّهنَّ في المكتوبَة».
(١) في الأصل مهملة، ويحتمل فيها: "يتَنبَّل"، والنُّبل: الذكاء والنجابة، انظر: لسان العرب (١١/ ٦٤٠).(٢) كذا في الأصل، والصواب: "وُحداناً".