He said: I asked al-Awza'i about a woman upon whom the time for a prayer entered, and she delayed the prayer until she menstruated without the time having exited. Is she obligated to perform the makeup of that prayer? He said: "No." I said to Abu 'Amr: "What if the time exited and she did not pray, then she menstruated?" He said: "She performs it [as makeup] when she becomes pure."
I said: "What about a menstruating woman whose menstrual blood ceased when the time for a prayer entered upon her, so she began the ghusl, but she did not finish it until the time had exited?" He said: "There is nothing upon her, and no makeup is required, and that applies to the sunrise and sunset."
I said to Abu 'Amr: "What about a woman who sees purity from her menstruation after sunrise, so she began her ghusl without delaying it, but she did not finish it until the sun had moved past [the time]?" He said: "There is no makeup upon her."
It was said to Abu 'Amr: "What if she sees purity at dawn during severe cold, and she fears the coldness of the water?" He said: "Verily, the water is intensely cold for an elderly person and a woman. If she begins to heat the water, she is within the excuse granted by Allah, but if she is able to handle the cold water, she performs ghusl with it."
I said to Abu 'Amr: "What if she sees purity before dawn, and if she begins to heat the water, the sun will rise? May she perform tayammum like a person in a state of janaba if she fears the prayer time will pass if she performs ghusl?" He said: "No, the menstruating woman is not like the person in a state of janaba. She should proceed with her ghusl, and there is nothing upon her if the sun rises before she finishes."
(1) Thus it is in the original, and the correct reading is: "she performs the prayer (tusalli)."
قال: وسألت الأوزاعي عن امرأةٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيها وَقت صلاة، فأَخَّرَت الصَّلاة حتى حاضَت ولم يَخرُج الوَقت، هل عَلَيها قَضاء تِلك الصَّلاة؟ قال: «لا». قلت لأبي عَمرو: فخَرَجَ الوَقت ولم تُصَلي (١)، ثم حاضَت؟ قال: «تَقضيها إذا طَهُرَت».
قلت: فامرأةٌ حائض انقَطَع عنها دم حَيضها حين دَخَلَ عَلَيها وَقتُ صلاة، فأَخَذَت في الغُسل، فلَم تَفرَغ مِنه حتى خَرَجَ الوَقت؟ قال: «فلا شيء عَلَيها ولا قَضاء، وذلك في طُلوع الشَّمس ومَغيبها».
قلت لأبي عَمرو: فامرأةٌ رَأَت الطُّهر من حَيضَتها بَعد طُلوع الشَّمس، فأَخَذَت في غُسلها ولم تُؤَخِّره، فلم تَفرَغ مِنه حتى سَبَقَتها الشَّمس؟ قال: «لا قَضاء عَلَيها».
قيل لأبي عَمرو: فرَأَت الطُّهر في الفَجر في بَردٍ شَديد، فخافَت بَرد الماء؟ فقال: «إن الماء لَبارِدٌ شَديدٌ على الشَّيخ الكَبير والمرأة، فإن أَخَذَت في إسخان الماء؛ كانَت في عُذر الله، وإن قَوِيَت على البارِد؛ اغتَسَلَت به».
قلت لأبي عَمرو: فإن رَأَت الطُّهر قَبل الفَجر، فإن هي أَخَذَت في إسخان الماء طَلَعت الشَّمس، ألَها أن تَتيَمَّم مِثل الجُنُب إذا خاف وَقت الصَّلاة إن اغتَسَل؟ قال: «لا، لَيسَت الحائض مِثل الجُنُب، تأخُذ في غُسلها، ولا شيء عَلَيها إن طَلَعَت قَبل فراغها».
(١) كذا في الأصل، والوجه: "تُصَلِّ".