690 - Ishaq narrated to us, saying: Muhammad ibn al-Fadl informed us, from al-Hasan ibn al-Hakam al-Nakha'i, from al-Hakam, from Ibrahim—regarding the woman who sees blood while she is in labor—he said: "It is menstruation, so she does not pray; but if she sees it while she is pregnant, she should perform ablution and pray, for it is of no consequence."

Chapter: Postpartum Bleeding from a Miscarriage

• I asked Ahmad and said: A woman who has had a miscarriage, what is her status regarding postpartum bleeding (nifas)? He said: "If it is clear that it has formed [a human shape], then she is in a state of postpartum bleeding. If it is merely a clot ('alaqah) or a chewed-like lump (mudghah) where it is not clear that it has formed, then there is nothing [to observe]."

• And I asked Ishaq and said: A pregnant woman who is four or five months along, and labor pains seize her to miscarry; does she abandon prayer? He said: "If the creation is complete, she abandons prayer."

• And he said: "The miscarried fetus should be washed, shrouded, and a funeral prayer should be performed over it."

691 - Abu Hafs 'Amr ibn 'Uthman narrated to us, saying: al-Walid ibn Muslim narrated to us, saying: It was said to Abu 'Amr: A woman who used to menstruate every month, but two months passed in which she saw no blood, so she thought she was pregnant, then she saw blood in the third month? He said: "She performs the ritual bath and prays, just as a woman suffering from irregular bleeding (mustahadah) does."

692 - Muhammad ibn al-Wazir narrated to us, saying: al-Walid ibn Muslim narrated to us, saying: Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah narrated to us, from Sadaqah ibn Yasar, who said: "The midwives reached a consensus—when 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz asked them—that a pregnancy is not manifested in less than three months."